بررسی عوامل خلق فضا در پروژه های شاخص معماری مسکن: (نمونه موردی: برندگان جایزه معمار 1385)
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی محیطی در معماری و شهرسازی
لاله قاسمی
1
,
نسیم نجفقلی پور کلانتری
2
,
حسن ستاری ساربانقلی
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی گروه معماری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه معماری،واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تبریز، ایران.
3 - دانشیار گروه معماری و شهرسازی،واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.
کلید واژه: خلق فضا, مسائل طراحی, جایزه معمار, طراح های برگزیده مسکونی.,
چکیده مقاله :
از میان مسابقات درحال برگزاری در داخل کشور می توان به مسابقه جایزه معمار به عنوان باسابقه ترین مسابقه و دارای داوران سرشناس و معیارهای داوری استادانه اشاره کرد. لاجرم، با توجه به اینکه این که تاثیر این مسابقه و دیگر مسابقات بر معماری مسکن در کشور شفافیت وجود ندارد و همچنین با توجه به اینکه اعتبار و آثار شاخص معماری از دیدگاه روانشناسی، زیبایی، هنری قابل بررسی است، در راستای پاسخ به این سوال که آیا معیارهای داوری در مسابقه جایزه معمارباعث خلق فضا در این پروژه ها می باشد؟
هدف پژوهش: در این پژوهش که به بررسی عوامل خلق فضا در پروژه های شاخص معماری سال 1385 پرداخته شده است، هدف ساختار طراحی در این پروژه ها و عوامل موثر بر خلق فضا در آنهاست.
روش پژوهش: برای این پژوهش از روش کمی-تحلیلی استفاده شده است که با کمک اسناد موجود در مجلات و مقالات و مستندات مکتوب ، 8 پروژه منتخب مسکونی که برگزیده جایزه معمار سال 1385 هستند بررسی و تحلیل شده است.
نتیجه پژوهش: نتیجه ای که از این پژوهش حاصل می گردد، مصالح بومی مورد استفاده در این بناها و شفافیت و برون گرایی پروژه ها است که باعث ایجاد خلق فضای درون و بیرون هم از لحاظ منظر و هم نورگیری و تهویه شده است. همچنین طراحی این پروژه ها نگاه فردی و بیشتر به نگاه فرمی تاکید دارد و از مقوله طراحی مسکن و سکونت فاصله می گیرد.که این عامل به خودی خود ساختار طراحی این پروژه ها را مشخص می نماید.
Among the competitions currently being held in the country, the Architect Award competition can be mentioned as the most long-standing competition with renowned judges and masterful judging criteria. Therefore, considering that the impact of this competition and other competitions on residential architecture in the country is not transparent, and also considering that the credibility and works of architectural excellence can be examined from the perspective of psychology, beauty, and art, in order to answer the question of whether the judging criteria in the Architect Award competition create space in these projects?
Research Objective: In this research, which examines the factors that create space in the architectural excellence projects of 2006, the aim is to examine the design structure in these projects and the factors that affect the creation of space in them.
Research Method: For this research, a quantitative-analytical method has been used, which, with the help of documents available in magazines, articles, and written documents, 8 selected residential projects that have been selected for the Architect Award in 2006 have been examined and analyzed.
Research result: The result of this research is the local materials used in these buildings and the transparency and extroversion of the projects, which have created an interior and exterior space, both in terms of landscape and lighting and ventilation. Also, the design of these projects emphasizes an individual look and more on the formal look, and distances itself from the category of housing and residence design. This factor in itself determines the design structure of these projects.
1- Abboushi,B.,Elzeadi,I.,Taylor,R.,& Sereo, M. (2019).Fractals in architecture: the visual interest, preference, and mood response to projected fractal light patterns in interior.journal of Environmental psychology, 61, 57-70. https:// doi.org/10.1016/J.Jenvp.20188.12.005.
2- Aini, Sajjad, Afzalian, Khosrow, Etesam, Iraj and Shariat Rad, Farhad, (2022), Metaphor as an extension of analogy and reasoning method in architectural design, Bagh-e-Nazar Scientific Journal - No. 19-66-49[In Persian].
3- Andersen,M. (20150.Unweaving the human response in daylighting design.Building and Environment,91,101-117. https://doi .org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.03.014
4- Buchanan, Richard. (2021). Innovative science and mature research as two strategies pursued in design research. In Ralph Michel (ed.) Design research: Six discourses on the relationship between design and research (translated by Javad Godini and Reza Sameh). Tahan Gostar Publications [In Persian].
5- Chamilothori,K., (2019). Perceptual effects of daylight patterns in architecture.EPFL. https:// doi.org/10-5075/epfl-thesis-9553
6- Chamilothori,K., Chinazzo,G.,Rodrigues,J,. Dan-Glauser,E.S.,Wienold,J.,& Andersen,M. (2019). Subjective and physiological responses to façade and sunlight pattern geometry in virtual reality. Building and Envinment, 150,144-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. buildenv.2019.01.009.
7- Cross, Nigel. (2003). Design Methods of Knowing. Translated by Javad Godini. 2019. Qazvin: Qazvin Academic Jihad Publications [In Persian].
8- CROSS,N.(2023),Design thinking:understanding howdesigners think and work.bloomsbury publishing.
9- Godini, Javad, Karami Moghadam, Negin. (1403), Discourse analysis of texts attached to selected designs of the Memar Award (Residential-Apartment Projects (1380-1397) based on Lawson's Design Problem Structure Model [In Persian].
10- Hafeznia, Mohammad Reza. (2014). Explaining the Philosophy of Geography. Space Planning and Arrangement - Issue 18 [In Persian].
11- Kiss,H,(2023). Identifying dance costume design constaints [ bachelors thesis, alto university school of art, design and architecture], altodoc. https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/server/api/core/bitstreams/15c5103c-8948-435e-9ae4-35388c847e33/content
12- Lawson, Brian. (2004). What Designers Know. Translated by Hamid Nadimi, Farhad Shariat-Rad and Farzaneh Baghizadeh. (2016). Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Press [In Persian].
13- Lawson,B.(2005).How designers think. Routledge.
14- Liu, S.Y.,& Chuang,H.T.(2014).A Study of aesthetic factors and aesthetic responses of the interior Environment. International journal of research in Humanities,Arts and literature,2(9),1-8.
15- Lönngren, j.,& van poeck,k. (2021). Wicked problem:A mapping review of the literature. International journal of sustainable development & world ecology,28 (6), 481-502.
16- Moscoso, C., Chamilothori,K .,Wienold, J., Andersen, M.,& Matusiak, B. (2020). Window size Effects on Subjective impressions of daylit spaces: indoor studies at High Latitudesusing virtual Reality. LEUKOS,17 (3), 242-264. Httys:doi.org/10.1080/15502724.2020.1726183.
17- Mose biskjear,M.,& Halskov,k.(2014). Decisive constraints as a creative resource in interaction design. Digital creativity, 25(1), 27-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/14626268.2013.855239.
18- Noghrekar, Abdolhamid. (2013). Fundamentals of Architecture. Tehran Payam Noor University Press. Heravi, Hassanieh; Falmaki, Mohammad Mansour and Tahaei, Seyyed Ataullah. (2019). Reflection of female archetypes in Iranian historical architecture based on Jung's ideas. Bagh-e-Nazar, 16(80) [In Persian].
19- Partovi, Parvin. (2013). Phenomenology of Place (3rd edition). Tehran: Matan Publications [In Persian].
20- Pourahmad, A. (2013). Territory and Philosophy of Geography. Sixth edition, New Ideas in Philosophy of Geography. Tehran Environmental, University of Tehran [In Persian].
21- Ralph, Edward. (2011). Place and Spatial Sense (translated by Dr. Jalal Tabrizi). Tehran: Translator Publisher [In Persian].
22- Rezaei, Sohrab and Sharqi, Ali, (2014), Geometric patterns of daylight diffusion and sensory perceptions of residents in (residential buildings), Bagh-e-Nazar Scientific Journal, (134), 5-20 [In Persian].
23- Rezaei, Sohrab and Sharqi, Ali. (2019). Perceptual efficiency of daylight: A structured review of the role of daylight distribution patterns on occupant perceptions in indoor spaces. Hot and Dry Climate Architecture, 8 (11), 211-251 [In Persian].
24- Rezvani, Mohammad Reza. (2008). An Introduction to Rural Development Planning in Iran. Second Edition, Tehran, Qom [In Persian].
25- Rockcastle , S.F., Chamilothori, K.,& Andersen, M. (2017a). An Experiment in Vitual reality to measure Daylight-driven interest in Rendread Architectural scense. Proceedings of building simulation. San Francisco, USA. https://doi/10.26868/25222708.2017.828.
26- Rockcatlw,S.f (2017). Perceptual Dylight in architecture, Lausanne , EPFL. https://doi.org/10-5075/epfl- thesis-7677
27- Saeedi, A. (2010). Environment, Space and Development; Discussion on the Necessity of Integrated Rural and Urban Development, Housing and Rural Environment, No. 131 [In Persian].
28- Sarmadi, Sadaf; Shah Cheraghi, Azadeh; Karimifard, Layal. (2019) The process of landscape perception based on sensory and intellectual perceptions. Bagh Nazar, 17(88), 27-38 [In Persian].
29- Schultz, Norberg. (2010). The Spirit of Place: Towards a Phenomenology of Architecture. Hokhdad Nou Publications [In Persian].
30- Seyed Hashemi, Mohammad Ismail. (2006). Time and Space in Kant's Epistemological System. Mirror of Knowledge, No. 9 [In Persian].
31- Shakoi, H. (2008). New Ideas in the Philosophy of Geography. Environmental Philosophies and Geographical Schools, Volume 2. Fifth Edition, Tehran, Institute of Geography and Cartography of Geology [In Persian].
32- Yamini, Setareh, Alimohammadi, Parisa, Bazr Afkan, Kaveh, (2022), The role of designers' lived experience in representing architectural archetypes: A case study: Works of Iranian architects educated abroad. Bagh-e-Nazar Scientific Journal, 19(111), 5-16/September 2022 [In Persian].
