Investigating the effect of soluble and insoluble medicinal substances on cell wall orientation
Neda Ebrahimpour
1
(
Department of Chemical Industry, National University of Skills (NUS), Tehran, Iran
)
Mohammad Sadegh Zakerhamidi
2
(
Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
)
Amid Ranjkesh
3
(
Condenced Matter Department, J.Stefan Institute, Jmova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia
)
Roshanak Kian
4
(
Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
)
کلید واژه: Cell Wall, Liquid Crystal, Nanoparticle, Dielectric Constant, Refractive Index.,
چکیده مقاله :
Considering that the cell wall is the first defense and control barrier of medicinal substances into the cell, any dielectric behavior of this divider can lead to harm to the cell or the absorption of substances from the environment; hence, examining the dielectric and physicochemical behavior of the anisotropic cell wall is imperative. The present study employs 1102 (a mixture of liquid crystal) as an anisotropic environment, similar to the cell wall. Insoluble nanoparticle, Lithium disilicate (Li2Si2O5) employed as non-reactive material, while materials containing active agents are used as soluble materials like Retinol (C20H30O). At various dopant concentrations, the dielectric characteristics and optical anisotropies of the liquid crystal and dopant mixture were observed, and the resulting data was analyzed and studied results indicate that the shape of the insoluble dopant influences the molecular order of the liquid crystal bulk, while for soluble substances, the percentage of dopant is more significant than the shape of dopants in the ordering of anisotropic media.
چکیده انگلیسی :
Considering that the cell wall is the first defense and control barrier of medicinal substances into the cell, any dielectric behavior of this divider can lead to harm to the cell or the absorption of substances from the environment; hence, examining the dielectric and physicochemical behavior of the anisotropic cell wall is imperative. The present study employs 1102 (a mixture of liquid crystal) as an anisotropic environment, similar to the cell wall. Insoluble nanoparticle, Lithium disilicate (Li2Si2O5) employed as non-reactive material, while materials containing active agents are used as soluble materials like Retinol (C20H30O). At various dopant concentrations, the dielectric characteristics and optical anisotropies of the liquid crystal and dopant mixture were observed, and the resulting data was analyzed and studied results indicate that the shape of the insoluble dopant influences the molecular order of the liquid crystal bulk, while for soluble substances, the percentage of dopant is more significant than the shape of dopants in the ordering of anisotropic media.
[1] Kieran J.D. Lee, Susan E. Marcus, J. Paul Knox, “Cell Wall Biology: Perspectives from Cell Wall Imaging”, Molecular Plant, Vol. 4, Issue 2, pp. 212-219,2011.
[2] Yang NJ, Hinner MJ. “Getting across the cell membrane: an overview for small molecules, peptides, and proteins.” Methods Mol Biol. Vol. 1266, pp. 29-53, 2015.
[3] Zachowski A. “Phospholipids in animal eukaryotic membranes: transverse asymmetry and movement.”Biochem J. Vol. 294, pp.1–14, 1993.
[4] Kansy M, Senner F, Gubernator K. “Physicochemical high throughput screening: parallel artificial membrane permeation assay in the description of passive absorption processes.” J Med Chem. Vol. 4, pp. 1007–1010, 1998.
[5] Johannes L, Römer W. Shiga toxins “from cell biology to biomedical applications.” Nat Rev Microbiol. Vol. 8, pp.105–116, 2010.
[6] Baskin, Tobias I. "Anisotropic expansion of the plant cell wall." Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol.Vol, 21, no. 1, pp. 203-222, 2005.
[7] Landrein, Benoît, and Olivier Hamant. "How mechanical stress controls microtubule behavior and morphogenesis in plants: history, experiments and revisited theories." The Plant Journal, Vol. 75, pp. 324-338, 2013.
[8] Jarvis, Michael C., and Maureen C. McCann. "Macromolecular biophysics of the plant cell wall: concepts and methodology." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Vol. 38, pp. 1-13, 2000.
[9] Voxeur, Aline, and Herman Höfte. "Cell wall integrity signaling in plants:“To grow or not to grow that's the question”." Glycobiology, Vol. 26, pp. 950-960, 2016.
[10] Liu, Ke, Zhimao Yang, and Hitoshi Takagi. "Anisotropic thermal conductivity of unidirectional natural abaca fiber composites as a function of lumen and cell wall structure." Composite structures, Vol. 108, pp. 987-991.
[11] Gkolemis, K., E. Giannoutsou, ID S. Adamakis, B. Galatis, and P. Apostolakos. "Cell wall anisotropy plays a key role in Zea mays stomatal complex movement: the possible role of the cell wall matrix." PlantMolecular Biology, Vol. 113, no. 6, pp. 331-351, 2023.
[12] Sendra, Marta, P. M. Yeste, Ignacio Moreno-Garrido, José Manuel Gatica, and Julián Blasco. "CeO2 NPs, toxic or protective to phytoplankton? Charge of nanoparticles and cell wall as factors which cause changes in cell complexity." Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 590, pp. 304-315, 2017.
[13] Milewska-Hendel, Anna, Katarzyna Sala, WeronikaGepfert, and EwaKurczyńska. "Gold nanoparticles-induced modifications in cell wall composition in barley roots." Cells, Vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 1965, 2021.
[14] Cui, Jianghu, Yadong Li, Qian Jin, and Fangbai Li. "Silica nanoparticles inhibit arsenic uptake into rice suspension cells via improving pectin synthesis and the mechanical force of the cell wall." Environmental Science: Nano, Vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 162-171, 2020.
[15] Das, Debabrata, and Giasuddin Ahmed. "Silver nanoparticles damage yeast cell wall." J. Biotechnol, Vol. 3, pp. 36-39, 2012.
[16] Stephen, Michael J., and Joseph P. Straley. "Physics of liquid crystals." Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 617, 1974.
[17] Kian R, Zakerhamidi MS, Ranjkesh A, Shamkhali AN, Taheri B, Varshney SK, Yoon TH, “Investigation of the spectroscopic features along with the media polarity effect in some symmetrical disc-shaped liquid crystals,” J. Mol. Liq, Vol. 309, pp. 13226, 2020.
[18] Ranjkesh, Amid, Neda Ebrahimpour, Mohammad Sadegh Zakerhamidi, and Seyed Masoud Seyedahmadian. "Temperature-dependent dielectric property of a nematic liquid crystal doped with two differently–shaped tungsten oxide (W18O49) nanostructures." Journal of Molecular Liquids Vol. 348, pp. 118024, 2022.
[19] Zakerhamidi, M. S., S. Shoarinejad, and S. Mohammadpour. "Fe3O4 nanoparticle effect on dielectric and ordering behavior of nematic liquid crystal host." Journal of Molecular Liquids, Vol. 191, pp. 16-19, 2014.
[20] Sadigh, M. Khadem, M. S. Zakerhamidi, and A. Ranjkesh. "Enhanced electro-optical nonlinear responses of doped nematic liquid crystals: Towards optoelectronic devices." Optics and Lasers in Engineering, Vol. 159, pp. 107229, 2022.
[21] Osipov, Mikhail A., and Maxim V. Gorkunov. "Nematic liquid crystals doped with nanoparticles: Phase behavior and dielectric properties." In Liquid Crystals with Nano and Microparticles, pp. 135-175. 2017.
[22] Tyagi, Yogeshvar. "Liquid crystals: An approach to different state of matter." The Pharma Innovation, Vol. 7, no. 5, Part H, pp. 540, 2018.
[23] Burrows, Nathan D., Ariane M. Vartanian, Nardine S. Abadeer, Elissa M. Grzincic, Lisa M. Jacob, Wayne Lin, Ji Li, Jordan M. Dennison, Joshua G. Hinman, and Catherine J. Murphy. "Anisotropic nanoparticles and anisotropic surface chemistry." The journal of physical chemistry letters, Vol. 7, pp. 632-641, 2016.
