بررسی میزان و نوع میکروپلاستیک ها در برخی از ماهیان تجاری نوار شمالی دریای عمان، ایران
محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی های محیط زیست (آب، خاک و هوا)مهسا مبشری 1 , لعبت تقوی 2 , تورج ولی نسب 3 , حسن نصراله زاده ساروی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم محیط زیست و جنگل، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران/ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه علوم محیط زیست و جنگل، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استاد تمام پژوهشکده علوم شیلاتی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، تهران، ایران.
4 - استاد راهنما
کلید واژه: میکروپلاستیک, اکوسیستم‌های دریایی, ماهیان تجاری, دریای عمان, دستگاه گوارش.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: امروزه میکروپلاستیکها (MPs) بعنوان آلودگی نوظهور جهانی توجه تحقیقاتی ویژه ای را به خود جلب کرده است. لذا پژوهش حاضر فراوانی، غلظت و ماهیت شیمیایی میکروپلاستیک‌های موجود در برخی از ماهیان تجاری دریای عمان، ایران را بررسی میکند.
روش بررسی: دو گونه (10n=) از ماهیان تجاری پرمصرف نوار شمالی دریای عمان شامل کفشک تیزدندان (Psettodes erumei) و ماهی شینگ (Ephippus orbis) در شهریور 1401 خریداری شدند. مجموعاً دستگاه گوارش 20 نمونه ماهی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. ذرات میکروپلاستیک از نظر تعداد، شکل، اندازه و رنگ با استفاده از استریومیکروسکوپ شناسایی و مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. همچنین برای تعیین و شناسایی ترکیب پلیمری MPs از دستگاه طیف سنج رامان استفاده شد.
یافته ها: طبق نتایج میکروپلاستیکها در تمام نمونه‌های ماهی به تعداد 125 (ذره/گرم) یافت شدند. شکل غالب میکروپلاستیکها در هر دو ماهی فیبر (95٪) و رنگ آبی رنگ غالب شناسایی شده میباشد. اندازه غالب MPs نیز بین 200-500 میکرومتر بودند. همچنین پلی اتیلن ترافتالات (PET) و پلی‌وینیل کلراید (PVC) پلیمرهای پلاستیکی غالب در دستگاه گوارش ماهیها بودند.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: یافته های تحقیق حاضر ضمن این که ماهیت فراگیر آلودگی میکروپلاستیکها را در محیط های دریایی نمایان می کند، میتواند داده های پایه مهمی در مورد آلودگی میکروپلاستیکی در دریای عمان ارائه دهد. علاوه بر این منجر به شناخت کلی از اثرات زیست محیطی زباله های پلاستیکی بر اکوسیستم های دریایی و شبکه های غذایی خواهد شد.
Background and Objective: Microplastics (MPs) have recently gained significant research attention as an emerging global pollutant. This study analyzes frequency, concentration, and chemical nature of MPs found in some commercially important fish species from the Oman Sea, Iran.
Material and Methodology: Two highly consumed fish species (n=10) of commercial fishes from the northern Oman Sea including Psettodes erumei and Ephippus orbis were collected in September 2022. A total of 20 fish specimens were analyzed, focusing on their gastrointestinal tracts (GIT). Microplastic particles were identified and analyzed using a stereomicroscope based on number, shape, size and color. To determine the polymer composition of MPs, Raman spectroscopy was employed.
Findings: The results showed that microplastics were found in all fish samples, with a concentration of 125 (item/gr). The predominant shape in all two species was fiber (95%), blue is the dominant color identified and most particles measured between 200-500 µm. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) were identified as the dominant plastic polymers.
Discussion and Conclusion: These findings highlight the pervasive nature of microplastic pollution in marine environments and provide important baseline data on microplastic contamination in the Oman Sea. Furthermore, they contribute to our understanding of the environmental impacts of plastic waste on marine ecosystems and food webs.
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