ارزیابی اثربخشی تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی بر توانمندسازی شناختی و تعادل در سالمندان با سابقه افتادن
محورهای موضوعی : علوم ورزشی و سلامت
سمیه طلیقی
1
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نگار آرازشی
2
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کیوان ملا نوروزی
3
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مرضیه بلالی
4
1 - دانشجو، گروه رفتار حرکتی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران
3 - گروه رفتار حرکتی و روانشناسی ورزشی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
4 - استادیار دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: ذهن آگاهی, توانمندسازی شناختی, تعادل, سالمندی, سابقه افتادن,
چکیده مقاله :
خطر زمین خوردن یا افتادن از جمله مشکلات شایع در بين سالمندان است؛ مداخلات شناختی رفتاری به طور گسترده‌ای به کار گرفته شده‌اند و در ارتقای عملکرد شناختی و حرکتی در جمعیت‌های مختلف اثربخشی نشان داده‌اند. هدف از این تحقیق، تعیین اثربخشی ذهن‌آگاهی بر توانمندسازی شناختی و تعادل در سالمندان با سابقه افتادن بود. در یک مطالعه نیمه تجربی، 16 سالمند با سابقه افتادن (میانگین سن 6±72 سال) از شهر قم در سال 1402 به صورت در دسترس و هدفمند انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی (8 نفر) و کنترل (8 نفر) قرار گرفتند. در این تحقیق پروتکل مداخلۀ ذهن‌آگاهی دی پتریلو، کافمن، گلس و آرنکوف (2009)، در شش جلسه و هر جلسه به مدت 1 الی 5/1 ساعت در طول سه هفته آموزش داده شد. جهت بررسی داده‌های توانمندسازی شناختی از مقیاس توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی اسپریتزر (1995) و برای بررسی عملکرد تعادل از آزمونهای تعادل ایستای لک لک جانسون و نلسون، 1991 و تعادل پویا پودسیالدو و ریچاردسون، 1991 استفاده شد. دادهها به روش تحلیل کواریانس در سطح معنی‌داری P<0.05 تجزيه و تحليل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی موجب بهبود تعادل غیر معنی‌دار ایستاوپویا در سالمندان با سابقه افتادن شد (05/0p<). همچنین تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی با بهبود غیرمعنی‌دار توانمندسازی شناختی در سالمندان با سابقه افتادن همراه بود (05/0p<). به نظر می رسد سه هفته تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی میتواند مزایای شناختی و حرکتی برای سالمندان با سابقه افتادن به همراه داشته باشد با این حال دوره‌های طولانی‌تر این مداخله ممکن است مؤثرتر باشد
The risk of tripping or falling is one of the common problems among the elderly؛ Cognitive
behavioral interventions have been widely used and have shown effectiveness in
improving cognitive and motor performance in different populations. The aim of
the study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness on
cognitive empowerment and Balance of the elderly with
history of falling. In a semi-experimental trial, 16 elderly people with a
history of falling (mean age 72±6 years) from Qom city in 1402 were selected in
an accessible and purposeful manner and were randomly assigned to two groups of
mindfulness exercises (8people) and control (8 people). In this research, Di Petrillo, Kaufman, Glass, and Arenkov (2009) mindfulness intervention protocol
was taught in six sessions for 1 to 1.5 hours during three
weeks.In order to check the data of cognitive empowerment, Spritzer's
psychological empowerment scale (1995) was used and to check the balance
function, the stork static balance tests of Johnson and Nelson, 1991 and the
dynamic balance tests of Podcialdo and Richardson, 1991 were used. The data
were analyzed using covariance analysis at the P<0.05. The
results showed that mindfulness exercises improved non-significant static and
dynamic balance and non-significant improvement of
cognitive empowerment in elderly people with a history of falling (p<0.05).
It seems that three weeks of mindfulness exercises can
bring cognitive and motor benefits for elderly people with a history of falls,
however, longer periods of this intervention may be more effective
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