استفاده از پلاسمای خون در تسریع روند بهبود ورزشکاران پس از جراحی
محورهای موضوعی : فیزیولوژی تجربی و آسیب شناسی
دانیال تارمست
1
,
اردشیر ظفری
2
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد پرند
2 - استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزش، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و هنر، واحد زنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران.
کلید واژه: پلاسما, پلاکت, PRP, بازسازی بافت, تسریع بهبود در ورزشکاران, آسیب دیدگی ورزشی, جراحی,
چکیده مقاله :
پلاسمای غنی از پلاکت (Platelet-rich plasma-PRP) به عنوان یک روش نوین در پزشکی بازساختی، به ویژه در بهبود بافت‌های آسیب‌دیده در ورزشکاران، مورد توجه بسیاری از محققان و متخصصان قرار گرفته است. در این روش بالینی، که از خون خود بیمار استفاده می‌شود، و حاوی تراکم بالایی از پلاکت‌ها و فاکتورهای رشد است، می‌تواند فرآیندهای ترمیمی را در بافت‌های مختلف تحریک کرده و بهبود زخم‌ها و آسیب‌های ناشی از جراحی را تسریع کند. در روش تهیه PRP به دلیل ویژگی‌های کم‌تهاجمی و ایمنی بالا، به سرعت در میان ورزشکاران حرفه‌ای و آماتور محبوبیت یافته است. در دنیای ورزش حرفه‌ای، آسیب‌های فیزیکی ناشی از تمرینات و رقابت‌های شدید به‌طور مکرر رخ می‌دهد، و استفاده از PRP به عنوان یک ابزار کمکی در جراحی‌های بازسازی‌کننده، نقش مهمی در تسریع بهبود و بازگشت ورزشکاران به میادین ورزشی ایفا کرده است. مقاله حاضر به بررسی کاربردهای مختلف PRP در درمان آسیب‌های رایج ورزشی، نظیر تاندونوپاتی، پارگی رباط‌ها، و آسیب‌های عضلانی و استخوانی می‌پردازد. برای مثال، PRP در درمان تاندونوپاتی آشیل که در میان دوندگان و فوتبالیست‌ها شایع است، نشان داده که می‌تواند فرآیند ترمیم تاندون را تسریع کرده، و زمان بازگشت به تمرینات و مسابقات را کاهش دهد. همچنین، در جراحی‌های بازسازی رباط صلیبی قدامی به عنوان یک درمان مکمل، PRP به بهبود سریع‌تر و کاهش التهاب پس از عمل کمک کرده و بازگشت سریع ورزشکاران به فعالیت‌های ورزشی را تسهیل می‌کند. علاوه بر این، PRP در درمان آسیب‌های عضلانی نظیر پارگی عضلات همسترینگ، که در میان دوندگان و بازیکنان فوتبال رایج است، مؤثر بوده و با تحریک فرآیندهای بازسازی سلولی، زمان بهبود را کاهش داده و خطر عود مجدد آسیب را کم کرده است. همچنین، در درمان شکستگی که در ورزشکاران دو استقامت و ورزش‌های برخوردی شایع است، با تسریع جوش‌خوردگی استخوان، و بازگشت به تمرینات را امکان‌پذیر کرده است.
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as an innovative method in regenerative medicine, garnering significant interest from academics and experts, especially for its efficacy in repairing injured tissues in sports. In this medical procedure, utilizing the patient's autologous blood enriched with a high concentration of platelets and growth factors can accelerate post-surgical incision and injury recovery while stimulating reparative processes across diverse tissue types. Professional and amateur athletes have rapidly adopted PRP due to its minimally invasive nature and exceptional safety profile. Physical injuries resulting from rigorous training and competition are prevalent in professional sports. The PRP has emerged as a valuable instrument in reconstructive procedures, potentially expediting recuperation and facilitating athletes' return to the field.
This review examines the diverse uses of PRP in treating prevalent sports injuries, encompassing tendinopathies, ligament tears, and muscle and bone injuries. For instance, PRP has demonstrated potential in treating Achilles tendinopathy, a condition frequently observed in runners and soccer players. The RPR benefits are achieved by expediting the regeneration of the tendon and significantly reducing the time required to resume training and competition. During ACL reconstruction procedures, PRP has been employed as an adjuvant treatment to expedite recovery and alleviate postoperative inflammation, thereby enabling a prompt return to athletic activities. Furthermore, PRP has successfully treated muscle injuries, including hamstring strains, which are prevalent among runners and football players. These outcomes are attained through promoting tissue regeneration processes, minimizing reinjury risk, and reducing recovery duration. PRP has exhibited efficacy in treating stress fractures, common among endurance runners and contact sports athletes. Its application accelerates bone healing, facilitating a prompt return to training.
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