تعیین مقادیر و برآورد ریسک سرطان‌زایی بنزن و اتیل بنزن در پاییز و زمستان درشمال‌غرب شهرتهران با نرم‌افزارEPA-IRIS
محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی های محیط زیست
ارسلان کرامت
1
,
شهرزاد خرم نژادیان
2
,
فرید غلامرضا فهیمی
3
,
سمیرا قیاسی
4
1 - گروه محیط زیست، واحد دماوند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دماوند ، ایران
2 - Department of environment, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, Iran
3 - environmental engineering,Islamlamic azad university
4 - استادیار گروه مهندسی نفت، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: ترکیبات آلی فرار, آلودگی هوا, سرطان‌زایی, سلامت,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: شهر تهران بدلیل ساختار جغرافیایی و جمعیت در معرض عوامل متعدد آلودگی قرار دارد. در این پژوهش میزان بنزن و اتیل بنزن در فصل پاییز و زمستان در محدوده برخی بزرگراه‌های پرتردد تهران اندازه‌گیری شد. انتشار ترکیبات آلی فرار ناشی از سوزاندن سوخت فسیلی ریسک سرطان‌زایی آن نیز بررسی گشت و با مطالعات پیشین مقایسه شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: 10 ایستگاه در بزرگراه‌های شمال‌غرب تهران برای سنجش میزان بنزن و اتیل بنزن مشخص شد. اندازه‌گیری در صبح، ظهر و عصر صورت گرفت. ارزیابی ریسک سرطان‌زایی با استفاده از نرم افزار IRIS- EPA انجام شد. اندازه¬گیری غلظت بنزن، تولوئن، اتیلن و زایلن (BTEX) با استفاده از روش 1501 موسسه ملی ایمنی و بهداشت شغلی (NIOSH 1501)، که از لوله‌های جاذب زغال فعال(SKC) برای نمونه‌برداری استفاده می‌کند، انجام شد.
نتایج و بحث: بالاترین ریسک سرطان‌زایی بنزن در ایستگاه اتوبان شیخ فضل‌الله نوری و بالاترین ریسک اتیل بنزن نیز در همین ایستگاه بود. نسبت مخاطرت بدست آمد که HI کمتر از 1 بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: در فصل پاییز و زمستان بنزن و اتیل بنزن دارای 1≥ HQ بود که حد قابل قبول برای مواد غیر‌سرطان‌زا می‌باشد. ریسک سرطانی برای ساکنین و افراد شاغل نشان داد که با وجود بالا بودن میزان بنزن، خطر سرطان‌زایی و جهش‌زایی در مدت آزمایش وجود نداشت. با توجه به اینکه بیشتر افراد به‌صورت گذرا از اتوبان‌ها استفاده می‌کنند خطر چندانی عابران را تهدید نمی‌کند.
Introduction: The city of Tehran is exposed to numerous contaminants due to its geographical structure and population. In this study, the amount of benzene and ethyl benzene was measured in the autumn and winter season in some of the highways of Tehran. The absence of volatile organic compounds caused by fossil fuel burning of its carcinogenic risk was also investigated and compared with previous studies.
Materials and Methods: 10 stations on northwestern Tehran highways were identified to measure benzene and ethyl benzene. Cancer risk assessment was performed using IRIS-EPA software. The BTEX concentration was measured using the method of 1501 National Institutes of Career Safety and Health (NIOSH 1501), which used SKC coal absorbent pipes for sampling.
Results and Discussion: The highest cancer risk of benzene at the Sheikh Fazlullah Nouri highway station and the highest risk of ethyl benzene was at the same station.
Conclusion: In the autumn and winter, benzene and ethyl benzene had 1≥ HQ. Cancer risk for residents and employees showed that despite the high levels of benzene, there was no risk of carcinogenicity and mutation during the test. Given that most people use highways; it does not threaten much of pedestrians.
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