بررسی فراوانی ایزوله های مقاوم به متی سیلین استافیلوکوکوس‌اورئوس و وجود جدایه های مقاوم به ونکومایسین در نمونه های بالینی
محورهای موضوعی : میکروبیولوژیساناز رحیمی 1 , کتایون برهانی 2
1 - کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکز، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکزی، تهران،ایران
کلید واژه: استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس مقاوم به متی سیلین , مقاومت به ونکومایسین , عفونت بیمارستانی,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: استافيلوكوكوس اورئوس یکی از شايع ترين و مهمترين عوامل بیماریزای بيمارستاني است و به علت افزايش مقاومت آنها در برابر آنتی بیوتیک ها، به عنوان يكي از مهمترين مشكلات بهداشتي در سراسر جهان تبديل شده اند.
هدف: هدف از این مطالعه بررسی فراوانی این باکتری در بخش های مختلف بیمارستانی و فراوانی جدایه های مقاوم به متی سیلین استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس (MRSA) و احتمال جداسازی ایزوله های مقاوم به ونکومایسین در نمونه های بالینی می باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: ۱۳۸ نمونه بالینی از بخشهای مختلف شش بیمارستان در تهران جدا شده و با انجام تست های بیوشیمیایی به عنوان استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس شناسایی شدند. تست حساسیت آنتی بیوتیکی با استفاده از روش انتشار دیسک با استفاده از سیزده آنتی بیوتیک انجام شد. فراوانی ژن هایmecA و vanA در ایزوله های مقاوم با روش PCR تعیین گردید.
نتایج: بیشتر نمونه های بالینی از بخش ICU جدا شدند و بویژه مربوط به عفونت های ادراری در زنان و سپس شستشوی برونش در مردان بودند. بیشتر جدایه ها مربوط به گروه سنی ۳۰ تا ۵۰ سال بودند. بالاترین و کمترین میزان مقاومت به ترتیب در برابر آنتی بیوتیک های پنی سیلین (۱٪/۹۹) و سینرسید(۰٪) گزارش شد. اگرچه ۸۷ جدایه (٪۶۲/۹) حاوی ژن mecA بوده و به عنوان باکتری های MRSAشناخته شدند، اما هیچ یک از آنها حاوی ژن vanA نبودند.
نتيجه گيري: ایجاد مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی در عفونت های بيمارستاني يكي از مهمترين چالش ها در درمان است، پایش دقیق و مداوم ژن های مقاومت بسیار حائز اهمیت است.
Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common and significant nosocomial pathogens. Due to the increasing resistance of these bacteria to antibiotics, they have become one of the most important health problems worldwide.
Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of this bacterium in various hospital wards and the frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates, as well as the potential isolation of vancomycin-resistant isolates in clinical samples.
Materials and Methods: 138 clinical samples were collected from various wards of six hospitals in Tehran and were identified as Staphylococcus aureus through biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method with thirteen antibiotics. The prevalence of the mecA and vanA genes in resistant isolates was determined using PCR.
Results: Most clinical samples were collected from the ICU, particularly related to urinary tract infections in women and bronchial washings in men. The majority of isolates were from the 30 to 50-year-old age group. The highest and lowest resistance rates were reported against penicillin (99%) and Synercid (0%), respectively. Although 87 isolates (62.9%) contained the mecA gene and were identified as MRSA, none of them contained the vanA gene.
Conclusion: The development of antibiotic resistance in hospital-acquired infections is one of the most significant challenges in treatment. Precise and continuous monitoring of resistance genes is of great importance.
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