بررسی عوامل مؤثر در ایجاد کار آفرینی در سطح استان لرستان با تأکید بر نقش آموزش

محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورش

حسین مهرداد ¹ (استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خرم آباد،مدیر گروه مدیریت آموزشی)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/09/10 تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/09/10 تاریخ انتشار : 1390/10/01

کلید واژه: کار‌آفرین, کار‌آفرینی, ویژگی‌های روان شناختی, ویژگی‌های جامعه‌شناختی, سیاست‌های دولت,

چکیده مقاله :

در این تحقیق با روش توصیفی از نوع زمینه‌یابی به بررسی عوامل مؤثر در ایجاد کارآفرینی در استان لرستان پرداخته شده است. از بین کارآفرینان استان که تعداد آنها برابر آمارنامه سازمان‌های ذی‌ربط در بخش خدمات 386 نفر، بخش صنعت 1206 نفر و بخش کشاورزی 1825 نفر و جمعاً 3417 نفر می‌باشند، تعداد 245 نفر با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان(خدمات 31 نفر، صنعت 86 نفر و کشاورزی 128نفر) تعیین و با روش تصادفی طبقه‌ای نسبی انتخاب و به‌وسیله‌ی دو پرسشنامه‌ی محقق ساخته، یکی برای آزمون کارآفرینی و دیگری شناخت عوامل، مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. در تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون خی‌دو، محاسبه‌ی میانگین رتبه‌ها و آزمون فریدمن استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که عوامل عمده‌ی روان‌شناختی مؤثر در کارآفرینی، عزم و اراده و نیاز به کسب موفقیت و عوامل عمده‌ی جامعه شناختی، کسب جایگاه اجتماعی و جو خانوداگی هستند. عامل عمده در سیاست‌های دولت، سیاست‌های تشویقی‌- ترغیبی است و بخش خدمات از نظر کارآفرینی در رتبه اول استان قرار دارد. هم‌چنین تحلیل زمینه‌ی تربیتی عوامل، با عنایت به پیشینه‌ی تحقیق نشان داد که وجود عوامل اثرگذار، حاصل تربیت درست خانوادگی و آموزش رسمی است و جهت اعتلای این عوامل، توجه به آموزش‌های رسمی به‌عنوان بازوی پیش‌برنده‌ی کارآفرینی کاملاً ضروری است

چکیده انگلیسی:

This descriptive study explored factors affecting entrepreneurship in Lorestan province. In so doing, using proportionate stratified sampling method, 245 entrepreneurs (service division 31, industry 86, and agriculture 128) were selected from among a population of 3417 entrepreneurs. A use was made of two questionnaires constructed by the researcher to collect the data; one as entrepreneurship instrument and the other tapping into the influential factors. The data were analyzed employing Friedman test, Chi square and mean ranks. The results of the study indicated that the major influential psychological factors were the intention and determination and the need for achievement, and the major sociological factors included social status achievement and family atmosphere. The main governmental factors were encouraging policies. The service division had the first rank of Entrepreneurship in the province. Educational context analysis based on research literature showed that the effective factors drive from appropriate family and formal education. Thus, in order to promote these factors, attention to formal education as a progressive entrepreneurship is essential

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