بررسی دیدگاه زنان روستایی در مورد تاثیر استفاده از (ICT) بر فعالیت‌های اجتماعی- اقتصادی آنان

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه

سیروس حدادنیا ¹ (دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نورآباد ممسنی، نورآباد ممسنی)
حجت اله فانی ² (استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت، گروه علوم تر بیتی مرودشت)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/09/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/09/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1391/07/01

کلید واژه: زنان روستایی, اقتصادی, فعالیت های اجتماعی, ) (ICT, کربال,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف از این پژوهش بررسی دیدگاه زنان در مورد تاثیر استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (ICT) بر فعالیت های اجتماعی- اقتصادی آنان در روستاهای بخش کربال شهرستان شیراز بود. روش پژوهش توصیفی (پیمایشی) است. جامعه آماری کلیه زنان روستاهای بخش کربال (روستاهای دارای مرکز ICT ) به تعداد 1950 نفر در سال 1390 می باشد. نمونه آماری 320 نفر از زنان بود که به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده شامل روش کتابخانه‌ای و پرسشنامه محقق ساخته (حاوی 30 سوال با طیف 5 درجه لیکرت) می باشد و با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ، پایایی آزمون برابر 87/0 می باشد. داده‌ها در دو سطح توصیفی (با استفاده از جدول‌های توزیع فراوانی، درصد فراوانی و ترسیم نمودار) و استنباطی (با استفاده از آزمون مجذور خی دو، یومن - ویتنی و کراسکال - والیس) تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج ناشی از این پژوهش: استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات در افزایش اطلاعات و آگاهی، ارتقاء نحوه نگرش به زندگی، تقویت روحیه مشارکت، افزایش مهارت‌های مورد نیاز، بر فعالیت‌های اجتماعی- اقتصادی زنان روستای در حد زیاد اثر گذار بوده است و این اثر گذاری در زنان مزدوج با سن ازدواج، میزان سن، تعداد فرزندان و تحصیلات، یکسان بوده است، اما اثر بخشی آن در زنان شاغل و خانه دار متفاوت بوده است  

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of this study is to examine women’s views of the effects of using ICT on their socioeconomic activities in villages of Korbal Rural District of Shiraz Provincial Town. The research method is of the descriptive (surveying) type. The population consisted of all women of villages of Korbal Rural District of Shiraz Provincial Town (villages having an ICT Center) which had a population of 1950 persons, in 2011. The sample consisted of 320 women who were selected at random. The method for collecting data consisted of the bibliographical method and an author-developed questionnaire (containing 30 items with Likert 5-point scale). Using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, the reliability of the test was found to be 0.87. Data was analyzed at descriptive level (using frequency distribution, frequency percentage tables and drawing charts), and at inferential level (using chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Kruscal-Wallis test). The findings of this study show that the use of ICT, improvement in information and knowledge enhancement, the attitude towards life, enhancement of the spirit of participation, and increasing the skills required were all significantly affecting the socioeconomic activities of rural women. That effectiveness was the same in in married women irrespective of their age, number of children and education level, however, the effects were different when comparing women that were employed against housewives.  

منابع و مأخذ:

1- Ashrafi, M., Ahmadpour, A. & Mahdipour, E. (2006). Information and

Communication Technology (ICT) and its Expansion, a Protecting Policy in

Improving Performance of Rural Management, The Sixth Conference on

Agricultural Economy of Iran. (Persian).

2- Ashton, H. & Thorn, D. (2007).The Role of Information Communications

Technology in Retrieving Local Community, Oxford. Brundtland commission.

3- Anbstany, A.A. (2011) analysis of social, economic and physical

development of ICT in rural areas, Journal of Rural Studies, Year 2, No. 1, pp.

213-187. (Persian).

4- Bahat, K. (2003). Challenge of rural people to reduce digital divide in the

globalized world: Theory and practice, Government Information Quarterly 24,

pp. 404–41.

5- Dehghani, Y., (2009). A Study of the Global Process of Developing Postal

Services in Rural ICT Offices, Conference on Rural Information and

Communication Technology, Firdausi University, Mashhad. (Persian)

6- Farajisabokbar, H. A., Khaki, A., Nemati, M. (2009). The role of ICT in

Rural Women Empowerment: A Case Study village frequented century. Journal

of Geography, No. 7. Pp. 159 -175. (Persian).

7- Fazelnia, GH. Kiani, A. (2012) Analysis of the distribution and prioritization

of ICT centers in rural city of Zabol, Journal of Geography and Environmental

Sustainability, No. 2, pp. 707-89. (in Persian)

8- Furuholt, B. & Stein, K., 2007, A Rural – Urban Digital Divide? Regional

Aspects of Internet Use in Tanzania, Proceedings of the 9 International

Conference on Social Implications in Computers in Developing Countries, Sao

Paulo, Brazil.

9- Ganeski, k. (2007).Teachers Attitudes toward and knowledge of computer

technology. Computer In the school journal, vol. 14, No. 3-4, pp. 119-136.

10- Geramin, B. (2009). ICT and Gender Equality, Gender and development

group pp 213.123.

11- Hedayati moghadam, R. (2008). Information society, digital divide, the

challenges and opportunities in developing countries. Place of Publication:

Tehran. Name of Publisher: blessed, first printing. (Persian).

12- Hejazi, y. (2006). The four foundations of education, agriculture and natural

resources. Tehran: Publications Pune. Printing. Pp. 457- 462. (Persian).

13- Helen, H. (2004). Gender and Agriculture in the information society ,

international service for National Agricultural Resreach.

14- Jalali, Ali (2006). Fqrdr challenges of globalization and developing

countries. Place of Publication: Tehran. Publisher Name: Sepehr Andish. first

printing.(Persian). 

15- Kawasumi, Y. (2003). ICT and Its Impact upon the Globalization and

Accessibility of the Education in the Health Domain.

16- Kawasumi, Y. (2005). Low cost broadband in rural areas (Report of case

analysis by ITU-D SG2 reporter’s group), Japan Telecom Co. Lt.

17- Langroudi, S. H. (2009). The article "Patterns of social and economic

relations between the zone affected by a case study of ICT in rural life," the

central part of the city of Gorgan. (Persian).

18- Mahmoudiyan, R. (2003). Mutual relations between urban and rural areas in

developing countries. Place of Publication: Tehran. Publisher Name: Payam. first

printing. (Persian).

19- Maleki, F. (2003). The Information Technology Center in the village.

Conference information and communication technologies in rural areas.

University of Science and Technology. Tehran, p 77. (Persian).

20- Mathur, Akshay, (2005). ICT and Rural Markets: Opportunities for growth,

The International Information & Library Review.

21- McClure, D.P., 2008, Deployment of Broadband to Rural America and

Evaluation of Current Broadband Services to Rural American and the Impact of

Internet Public Policy on Broadband Deployment, USiia (Us Internet Industry

Association). http:// usiianet. org/puds/rural.pdf.

22- Mohammadgholinia, J. & Salari, T. E. (2009). Factors Effective on

Villagers’ Use of Rural ICT Offices in Southern Khorasan Province,

Conference on Rural Information and Communication Technology, Firdausi

University of Mashhad. (Persian)

23- Mowla'ii, N. Hshjyn, M. Moradi, M. (2012). The role of ICTs in sustainable

development of rural offices Meshkinshar city. Research in Human Geography,

Volume 44, Issue 4, pp. 147-168. (Persian).

24- Myrtraby, M. Sadat et al. (2010). The article "Communication factors

influencing rural women's participation in the activities of the agricultural sector,

Sara, Karaj," Journal - Women and Social Research, the first year, the fourth

number. (Persian).

25- Nancy, H. (2006). Gender, information Technology and Developing

countries: AN Analytic study, Academy for Educational Development.

26- Formation technology in the teaching - learning in schools. Journal of

Educational Innovation. (Persian).

27- Nouri, M. (2006). The article "Information technology and communication,

and Rural Poverty" conference on information and communication technology in

rural areas. Mashhad. (Persian).

28- Nick name, M. (2006). The article "ICT and rural women", Islamic Azad

University Branchs. (Persian). 

29- Okhovat, M. (2009). Model of Presenting Service by Government Counter

Plan in Rural Offices of Information Technology, Conference on Rural

Information and Communication Technology, Firdausi University, Mashhad.

(Persian)

30- Pitikorn, T. Jon, M. P, (2011). Access to and Penetration of ICT in Rural

Thailand, Telecommunications Policy, No. 35, PP. 141–15.

31- Rezvani, H. (2009). Impact of IT on organizations and individuals in society.

Compass Magazine. Eighteenth year, No. 18, pp. 74-72. (Persian).

32- Sarrami, Hussein. Bahadori, issa (2010) The role of ICT in rural

development. Journal Science Achtmay. No. 9. Pp. 129-153. (Persian).

33- Sam Kang, B., (2009). Bridging the Digital Divide between Urban and

Rural Areas: Experience of the Republic of Korea, Escap Technical Paper,

Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction

Division, Authorized for Distribution by Xuan Zengpei.

34- Shophie, T. (2007). FAO, Gender and ICTs, Coaim side Event on Gender.

35- Tarakemeh, B., (2009), Measurement of the Degree of Hormozgan Province

Rural Societies' Satisfaction with Rural ICT Offices, Conference on Rural

Information and Communication Technology, Firdausi University, Mashhad.

(Persian)

36- Zamas, J. F. (2006). Creating demand: influencing information technology,

Government Information Quarterly 20, PP. 135–15.

37- Vedakumari, V. (2005). .Information and Communication Technologies

(ICTs) For Rural Development. Jornal of Rural Development, Vol 24(3),

pp.399-408.