پدیدارشناسی تجربه زیسته زنان محکوم در کارگاه اشتغال ندامتگاه زنان تهران

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه

احمد راهرو خواجه ¹ (دکتری جامعه شناسی، گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران)
فیض اله نوروزی ² (استادیار جامعه شناسی، گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران)
طلیعه خادمیان ³ (استادیار جامعه شناسی، گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران)
زهرا مشیر استخاره ⁴ (استادیار جامعه شناسی، گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/03/17 تاریخ پذیرش : 1403/04/30 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/05/01

کلید واژه: تجربه زیسته, بازاجتماعی کردن, زنان زندانی, اشتغال و حرفه آموزی,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف: حرفه آموزی و اشتغال به کار مجرمان یکی از برنامه­های پرکاربرد در زندان­ها به منظور بازاجتماعی کردن و اصلاح و تربیت محسوب می­شود. هدف این پژوهش، تحلیل جامعه شناختی روایت­های زندانیان زن شاغل در واحدهای حرفه آموزی و اشتغال زندان زنان تهران می­باشد. روش­: روش  این پژوهش، مطالعه­ای کیفی از نوع پدیدارشناسی است که با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته اجرا شد. نمونه پژوهش شامل 16 نفر از زنانی است که طی ماه­های مهر تا اسفند 1398 محکوم و در زندان حضور داشته­اند که با به­کارگیری اشباع نظری در تعیین حجم نمونه و به روش نمونه گیری گلوله برفی به دست آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­های حاصل از مصاحبه­های عمیق از تحلیل روایت بهره جسته شد. یافته­ ها: یافته ­ها نشان می­دهد که زندانیان زن مهم­ترین انگیزه حضور در واحدهای اشتغال را بیشتر با مقولاتی چون دوری از یکنواختی حضور در اتاق­ها و انضباط روزانه، استفاده از مزایایی چون ملاقات و تلفن و مرخصی ذکر کرده­اند. بنابراین، می­توان بیان کرد که به منظور بازاجتماعی کردن زندانیان زن، توجه به استعداد و خلاقیت­های زندانیان و به­طور کلی طراحی برنامه­ها از پایین به بالا و پرداخت دستمزد مطابق قانو ن کار و اطمینان از پشتیبانی و حمایت دولت پس از آزادی مقولات و مضامینی هستند که از نظر پاسخگویان در زمان اشتغال زندانیان، مورد غفلت قرار می­گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Vocational training and employment of criminals is one of the most widely used programs in prisons for re-socialization, correction and rehabilitation. The purpose of this study is a sociological analysis of the narratives of female prisoners working in vocational training and employment units. The method of this research is a qualitative phenomenological study that was conducted using a semi-structured interview. The samples include 16 women who were convicted and were in prison during the months of October to March 2017, which was obtained by using theoretical saturation in determining the sample size and snowball sampling method. Narrative analysis was used to analyze the data obtained from in-depth interviews. Findings show that female prisoners mentioned the most important motivation for attending employment units with categories such as avoiding the monotony of attendance in rooms and daily discipline, using benefits such as visits and telephone calls and leave. In conclusion, this study states that in order to re-socialize female prisoners, pay attention to the talents and creativity of prisoners and generally design programs from the bottom up and pay wages according to labor law and ensuring government support after release, are topics that are ignored by the respondents during the employment of prisoners

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