بررسی فقهی و حقوقی تبعیض شغلی زنان با تأکید بر امنیت شغلی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه

طیبه بلوردی ¹ (استادیار، گروه معارف، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد سیرجان، ایران، سیرجان)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/08/23 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/06/10 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/08/01

کلید واژه: امنیت شغلی, اشتغال زنان, عدالت, تبعیض,

چکیده مقاله :

زنان بخش عظیمی از شاغلان جامعه را تشکیل می‌دهند، امروزه کار و فعالیت زنان، در عرصه‌های اقتصادی، فکری، فرهنگی و اجتماعی یک ضرورت است. شغل نقشی مؤثری در برقراری آرامش و امنیت آدمی دارد. در حقیقت امنیت شغلی، احساسِ داشتن یک شغل مناسب، اطمینان از تداوم آن در آینده، فقدان عوامل تهدید کننده و شرایط مناسب کاری در آن شغل است. امنیت اشتغال زنان، زمانی احساس می‌شود که حمایت قوی در برابر تبعیض، بی‌عدالتی یا اخراج ناعادلانه وجود داشته باشد، رفع تبعیض و نابرابری شغلی و امنیت؛ از مهم‌ترین مطالبات زنان می‌باشد. این نوشتار در صدد واکاووی فقهی و حقوقی امنیت و عدم تبعیض جنسیتی نسبت به زنان در حوزه کار و اشتغال است. متون فقهی و حقوقِ کار، هرگونه تبعیض و دوگانگی در شغل و کار را نفی نموده و استثمار زنان و ایجاد تبعیض، تفاوت زنان و مردان و تحقیر آن‌ها را نکوهش نموده است. . . . .

چکیده انگلیسی:

Since women make up a large part of society's workforce, women's work and activity are a necessity in the economic, intellectual, cultural, and social spheres. Women's employment is a means of earning a living and meeting their needs. It has their security. Sometimes women's discrimination and inequality of employment have negative effects on them, providing the necessary conditions for women's job security, feeling a good job, ensuring that it continues in the future, the lack of threatening factors and proper working conditions, meaning security. It's a job. Employment security is felt when there is strong support for discrimination, injustice or unfair dismissal. To achieve this, eliminating discrimination, job inequality and security is one of the most important demands of women. This article seeks a jurisprudential and legal analysis of security and gender non-discrimination against women in the field of work and employment. Jurisprudential texts and labor rights have denied any discrimination and dichotomy in employment and have condemned the exploitation of women and the creation of discrimination, the difference between men and women, and their humiliation.

منابع و مأخذ:

-Holy Quran, translated by Fouladvand, (2003). Dar-ol-quran, the office of history and Islamic education, Qom

-Nahj al-Balagha.

-Ibn Idris al-Hilli‌, M. (1990).Al-Saraer. Qom: Islamic Publication Institute of theological school of Qom,

-Ibn Fares, A,(1983) MojaemMoghaysiAllaheh, Qom, Islamic Publication Institute of theological school of Qom.

-Ardebili, A( 1982).Majma al-Faedehval-Borhan, Qom, Islamic Publication Institute of theological school of Qom.

-Arabi,M,(2001)Strategies procedures and methods job security in organization,Management studies quarterly jornal of management&Accointing school,( vol29-30).

-Ansari, M. (1994). Al-makaseb Al-mahrameval Bay valKhiyarat, (vol. 3). (1^st ed.). The congress of homage to Sheikh Azam Ansari, Qom.

-Bojnourdi,H,( 1998),Al-Qawa'ad al-Fiqahiyah, Qom, nashre al hadi.

-Behbahani, A( 1984), Al-Fawaed Al-Aliyah - Al-Qawawad Al-Kiliya, Ahvaz, Dar Al-Alam.

-HorAmoli, M. (1988). Vasayeloshiahelatahsilemasayelai-sharia, (vol. 12). (1^st ed.). Institute of al-ol-beitalayhesalam, Qom.

-Hosseini AmoliQaravi, SMJ.(1998). Meftah-ol-Karame fi SharheQavaedeAlame, , Qom, Islamic Publication Institute of theological school of Qom.

-Khomeini. R.(2004 ) tahrirolvasilah, Qom.Publisher ,Dar Al-Alam..

-Khooyi,A, (1996 ) mesbahalosoul, davari bookstore.

-Zamani, M. (2005). Money, exchange and banking, (15^th ed.). Forouzesh.

-Ramazani, F,(2006 ), Labor market flexibility and occupational safety, Work and ,No. 71-72.

-Ranjbari, A(2012 ), Labor Rights: Included in the Labor Law of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Scientific  majd.

-Zamani,F,(2009 ), Difference-gender-based discrimination and its impact on social change, Farhang Journal of the institute for Women Studies, No70.

-Shokrollahi S,Parastesh, R,(2011), LABORER’S JOB SECURITY AND ITS PLACE IN IRANIAN LAW, Pazhouhesh name hogghoughe, Volume2, N1.P75-92.

-Shahid Sani, Z. (2001). AlrozeAlbahiye fi SharhAllameAldameshqiye, (vol. 2). Qom, davari.

-------------------. (2001). Masalik al-afham fi sharhsharai al islam, Qom Islamic encyclopedia institution.

-Shikhsadugh, M,(1992 ), Man la yahduruh al- fagih,QOM, Office of Islamic advertisement of theological school of Qom,

-ShaykhṬūsī, (1779 ), al- nihaya, Birot, dar al ketabalarabi.

---------------, (1986). Tahdib al ahkam,Tehrandar al kotobeslamieah.

--------------,(2009). Almabsout fi FeqheAlimamiyeh, (vol. 2). (2^nded

-ShaykhMufid,(1992)Qom, KangarhjhaniHazara Sheikh useful.
Araghi, A,(1988),international labor rights, Tehran, Professor of university of Tehran.

------------,(2014),Labour Law, Tehran. The Organization for Researching and Composing University Textbooks in the Humanities (SAMT).

-Ezzati, M, Shahriari, L, Najafi,M  A, (2013 ), Estimating the Effect of Interregional Economic Discrimination on Economic Growth in Provinces of the Country,Research on Economic Growth and Development, Volume 3 , Number 12.

-AlameHeli, H. (1994). MokhtalefAlshiah fi Ahkam-el-Sharie, Office of Islamic advertisement of theological school of Qom, vol. 5.

-------------- (1993). Tazkerat-ol-Foqaha, (vol. 10). Qom, Institute of al-ol-beitalayhesalam.

-Alavioun, M.R,(2002), women's work in Iranian law and international labour law, Tehran, Roshangaranvamotaleatzanan.

-Fadilhendi,M,(1995),Kashif al-Lithamwa l-ibham 'an qawa'id al-ahkam, Qom, Office of Islamic advertisement of theological school of Qom.

-Kashif al-Ghita, H,(1940), Tahrir al-majala,Najaf, al maktabah al mortazavieh.

-Kolini, M,(1986 ) osoulkafi 4^th edition. Darolkotoobislami, Tehran

-Gorji A, (2015), Droit constitutionnel,Tehran, Jangal.

-Mostafavi, M, (1996 )Al ghavaedmeahghaedehfeghheah, Qom,Muʾassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī li-Jamāʿat al-Mudarrisīm.

-Maghsodi, M, (2011 )Women's Homeowners' Fees, Mohagheghdamam, M, is a researcher, Tehran. Khorsandi.

-MakarimShirazi, N, (1995 ),Anwar al-fiqaha fi ahkamKitab al-khumswa al-anfal. Qom,Payam-i Amir al-Mu'minin

-Malikzadeh, F,(2013). The impact of gender on employment, Publications of Sociologists.

-Mobini,e, Abrahami,M,(2015).Analysis of the Role of Performance Evaluation System in Organizational Productivity Using Foundation Data Theory, (Vol 8, N 3 ) scientific Semi- Annual Journal of Research in Human Resources Management. University of Imam HoseinFacylty of management & Planning.

-Mousavi, f, Rahvari, K,(1994 ),A Comparativestudy on occupation of women and young persons in Japan, South korea, India. Egypt, Egypt, England, and Iran, Law & Political science Tehran university,p 187-218.

-Najafi, M. (1981). Javaher-ol-kalam fi SharheSharae Islam, (vol. 3; 8; 22). Beirut, Dar-ol-ehya Al-tars Al-arabi.

-Naragi, M,(1994),Mostanad al- shia fi ahkam al- sharia. Qom, Publisher al albit.