بررسی اثر حکمرانی خوب بر سلامت زنان در کشورهای با درآمد متوسط به بالا با رویکرد گشتاورهای تعمیم‌یافته
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعهصمد حکمتی فرید 1 , یوسف محمدزاده 2 , افسانه حسین زاده 3
1 - استادیار اقتصاد دانشگاه ارومیه
2 - استادیار اقتصاد دانشگاه ارومیه
3 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد
کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی, حکمرانی خوب, سلامت زنان,
چکیده مقاله :
حکمرانی خوب یکی از عوامل مهم مؤثر بر سلامت و کیفیت زندگی افراد جامعه بوده و از طریق افزایش سرمایه اجتماعی، گسترش حمایت اجتماعی، بسترسازی برای تامین اشتغال افراد و تامین امنیت و رفاه خانوارها به صورت مستقیم بر سلامت روانی و جسمانی افراد مؤثر میباشد. اهمیت این مساله در گروه جنسیتی زنان با توجه به حساسیت سلامت آنها به عوامل محیطی دو چندان میشود. لذا با توجه به اهمیت موضوع در این پژوهش رابطه شاخصهای حکمرانی با سلامت زنان (امید به زندگی، مرگومیر و سایر شاخصهای مربوط به سلامت جسمی و اجتماعی) در کشورهای با درآمد متوسط به بالا با رویکرد گشتاورهای تعمیم یافته برای دورهی زمانی (2013-2002) بررسی شده است. نتایج حاکی از آن است، در کشورهایی که شاخصهای حکمرانی در سطح بالاتری قرار دارد، جمعیت زنان سالمتر بوده و نرخ مرگومیر در آنها کمتر و در نتیجه کیفیت زندگی آنها بالاتر است. همچنین سایر متغیرها شامل درآمد سرانه حقیقی و هزینههای سرانه سلامت رابطه مثبت و معنیدار با امید به زندگی و رابطه منفی و معنیدار با مرگومیر زنان و نرخ باروری و بیکاری زنان رابطه منفی و معنیدار با امید به زندگی و رابطه مثبت و معنیدار با مرگومیرشان دارند.
Good governance is one of the most important factors affecting people's health and quality of life, and it is directly influential on the mental and physical health of people through increasing social capital, social protection, and preparation of employment and households’ security and welfare. The importance of the issue is doubled in females, assuming their health sensitivity to environmental factors. Thus, considering the importance of the issue, in this study the relationship between governance indicators and women's health (life expectancy, mortality, and other physical and social health indicators) has been studied in upper-middle income countries with GMM aproach for the period of (2002 - 2013). The results show that in countries where governance indicators are at a higher level, the female population is healthier and the mortality rate is less, hence, their quality of life is at a higher level. Also other variables including domestic production per capita and health expenditure per capita have significant positive impact on women’s life expectancy and also negative and significant effect on their mortality rate and their fertility and unemployment rate, have significant negative impact on life expectancy and positive and significant effect on their mortality rate.
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