عدم ثبت ازدواج از نظرگاه فقهی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
عبدالحسین رضائی راد
1
(دکتری فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی،دانشیار فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی،دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی،دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز،اهواز،ایران)
کلید واژه: ازدواج, فقه, جرم, حقوق خانواده, ثبت,
چکیده مقاله :
ازدواج پیمانی الهی است و یکی از مهمترین و پیچیدهترین قراردادهای اجتماعی به شمار می رود و تأثیرات عمیق و طویل المدت بر زندگی زوجین و فرزندان آنان و حتی سایر بخشهای جامعه برجای میگذارد و ثبت آن مانند تمامی قراردادهای اجتماعی، میتواند موجب استحکام آن باشد و از سوء استفادهی طرفین و تخلف از وظایف و بسیاری از مشکلات دیگر پیشگیری کند، اما اهمیت ثبت هر قرارداد نباید مجوز افراط در این موضوع و جرم انگاری آن باشد، زیرا ممکن است جرم انگاری عدم ثبت ازدواج، هزینههای دیگری را بر جامعه تحمیل کند که از هزینهی عدم ثبت بیشتر باشد و به شکل دیگری موجب سستی بنیان خانواده و تضییع حقوق زوجین باشد.سیاست کیفری ایران در طول زمانهای گذشته در خصوص جرم انگاری عدم ثبت ازدواج فراز و نشیبهای زیادی را پشت سر گذاشته و نگرشهای مختلف و متفاوت و بعضاً متضادی را از خود بروز داده است و در چنین شرایطی، مراجعه به علوم دینی و بررسی فقهی و شرعی مسأله میتواند راهگشا باشد و در کاهش چالشها و ارائهی موضعی اطمینان بخش در این مسأله به قانونگزاران مدد برساند. این تحقیق میکوشد، مادهی 49 قانون حمایت خانواده که عدم ثبت ازدواج را جرم تلقی کرده و برای آن مجازات مقرر کرده است، با نگرشی فقهی مورد نقد قرار داده و دلایل جرم انگاری عدم ثبت ازدواج را در اثبات مدعا غیر وافی دانسته و عدم تطبیق این ماده با شرع اطهر را به اثبات برساند.
Marriage is a divine covenant and is one of the most important and complex social contracts. It affects the lives of both couples and their children, and even other parts of society, and their registration, like all social contracts, can strengthens and prevent both sides from abusing and violating their duties and many other problems. However, the importance of registering any contract should not be allowed to be excessive in this matter because it may impose other costs on society for the crime of not registering marriage. It costs more than non-registration, and in some other way leads to a lack of family foundation Couples rights abuses is Iran's criminal policy over the past few years has seen a lot of downs and downsides in the crime of not registering marriage, and has shown different and different and sometimes contradictory attitudes. In this context, referring to religious sciences and jurisprudential review and The Shari'a issue can be solved and will help to reduce the challenges and provide a more reliable position on this issue. The research seeks to ensure that Article 49 of the Family Protection Law, which considers the absence of registration of marriage as a crime and has imposed a punishment for it, is based on a jurisprudential approach Criticized the reasons for criminalizing the lack of registration of marriage in the absence of proof and not lacking Byq this matter with Athar law to prove
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