عوامل بازدارنده مشارکت اقتصادی زنان از سوی خانواده در جامعه محلی (مطالعه موردی زنان در روستای بهده شهرستان پارسیان)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعهآذین رضائیان قراگوزلو 1 , ولی اله رستمعلی زاده 2
1 - دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات تهران
2 - استادیار جامعه شناسی توسعه مؤسسه مطالعات و مدیریت جامع و تخصصی جمعیت کشور.
کلید واژه: خانواده, کلیشه‌های جنسیتی, مشارکت اقتصادی, ساختار قدرت, نقش‌های مادری و همسری,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر به تشریح عوامل بازدارنده مشارکت اقتصادی زنان از سوی خانواده در جامعه محلی می‌پردازد. این پژوهش در میان دو گروه از زنان شاغل و غیر شاغل متأهل سنین بین 25 تا 45 سال ساکن در روستای بهده از توابع شهرستان پارسیان انجام شده است. داده‌ها به شیوه کیفی و با اتخاذ رویکرد نظریه بنیانی و با استفاده از فنون مصاحبه و بحث گروهی جمع‌آوری شده است. تحلیل داده‌ها بر اساس کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی انجام گرفته و تا مرحله اشباع نظری ادامه یافته است. یافته‌های این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که ارزش‌ها و نگرش‌ها (تفاسیری که زنان از سنت‌ها دارند)، باورها و اعتقادات (باور به برتری و سرپرستی مردان)، کلیشه‌های جنسیتی (تفکیک فضای عمومی و خصوصی، زنانه و مردانه)، نوع مالکیت و اختیارات (تصمیم‌گیری در خصوص درآمد و هزینه‌ها و مالکیت بر دارایی‌ها) و نوع تصمیم‌گیری و انتخاب (انتخاب شغل، مهاجرت، ازدواج و طلاق)، از مولفه‌های تاثیرگذار در مشارکت اقتصادی زنان بودند. به طور کلی کلیشه‌های جنسیتی در همه ابعاد زندگی زنان و مردان باعث می‌شود آن‌ها خود را برای پذیرش نقش‌هایی آماده کنند که در مسیر جامعه‌پذیری توسط نهادهای خانواده و آموزش پرورش به آن‌ها تعلیم داده‌شده است.
The present study describes the factors that inhibit the economic participation of women by the family in the local community. This research was conducted in two groups of employed and unemployed married women between the ages of 25 and 45, residing in the village of Behdeh, from the Parsian County, Hormozgan province. The data were collected in a qualitative manner using a grand theory approach and interviewing and group discussion techniques. The data were analyzed using open, axial and selective coding and continued to the theoretical saturation stage. The findings of this study show that values and attitudes (interpretations that women have of customs), beliefs and faith (belief in male superiority and superintendence), Gender stereotypes (separation of public and private spaces, feminine and masculine), type of ownership and authority (decision on income and expenses and ownership of assets) and type of decision making and choice (choice of job, migration, marriage, and divorce), They were the most influential components of women's economic participation. In general, gender stereotypes in all aspects of men's and women's lives make them ready to accept the roles that they have been trained by family and education institutions in the Socialization way.
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