تدوین مدل نظری تولید فضای شهری اراضی عباس آباد تهران

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

نیّر فارابی اصل ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، واحد قزوین،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.)
مجتبی رفیعیان ² (استاد گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر ومعماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.)
محمدرضا خطیبی ³ (استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، واحد قزوین،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/07/06 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/11/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/02/01

کلید واژه: تولید فضا, اراضی عباس آباد, روابط قدرت, کنشگران, گراندد تئوری,

چکیده مقاله :

نحوه تولید فضا و کنکاش و کشف آنچه در این فرایند در طول زمان رخ‌داده است نوع تولیدفضا را شفاف نموده و امکان برنامه‌ریزی و مدیریت بهینه‌تر و پرکردن گپ‌ها را از طریق پتانسیل‌های موجود فراهم می‌نماید. هدف این پژوهش ارائه مدل تولید فضای شهری اراضی عباس‌آباد کلان‌شهر تهران با ذره‌بین کنشگران و روابط قدرت جاری بین آن‌ها بوده است. رویکرد روش‌شناسی این پژوهش، کیفی بوده، داده‌ها از مصاحبه‌ها، مشاهده و اسناد گردآوری شده‌است. شیوه نمونه‌گیری، مبتنی بر روش زنجیره‌ای است. به‌منظور افزایش اعتمادپذیری نسبت به داده‌های کیفی، محدوده زمانی دوازده‌ماهه و افراد در سه حوزه مختلف اجرایی، علمی و علمی- اجرایی مرتبط با تولیدفضای عباس‌آباد جمع‌آوری گردید. برای افزایش اطمینان‌پذیری داده‌های کیفی نیز از فن اعتبار پاسخگو استفاده‌شده است. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌های کیفی نیز از طریق نظریه زمینه‌ای(گراندد تئوری) و با بهره‌گیری از نرم‌افزار تحلیل کیفی Atlasti8 انجام شده‌است. فضای شهری منحصربه‌فرد و باارزش اراضی عباس‌آباد به وسعت حدود 550 هکتار در مرکز کلان‌شهر تهران به‌عنوان محدوده پژوهش انتخاب‌شده است. یافته‌ها نشان داد که محدوده بکر عباس‌آباد در دوره قاجار، تحت‌تأثیر 7عامل اصلی (شرایط زمینه‌ای) و سپس 6عامل مداخله‌گر، به اراضی ارزشمند دهه 50 دوره پهلوی تبدیل‌شده است که در یک فرایند دگرگونی شهری تحت تاثیر 8عامل علّی به وضعیت فعلی تغییر یافته است. یافته‌های حاصل از مصاحبه‌ها و مشاهده‌های میدانی نشان می‌دهد که مدل حضور، جایگاه و روابط کنشگران تولید فضای شهری در اراضی عباس‌آباد، به حالت خطی- سلسله مراتبی تحت تسلط نهاد حکومتی (شامل نهادهای دولتی و حکومتی و مدیریت شهری) و بخش خصوصی (خصولتی- تحت لوای بخش دولتی) است. مواردی برای اقدام توسط کنشگران عباس‌آباد، در جهت حرکت به سمت بازتولید فضای شهری معطوف به شهروندان پیشنهاد گردید. نوآوری این پژوهش، تدوین مدل نظری تولید یک فضای شهری منحصربه‌فرد با روش گرانددتئوری و تحلیل‌کیفی با نرم‌افزار Atlasti می‌باشد.در تولید این فضا، هیچ مکانیسمی برای مشارکت شهروندان وجود نداشته و تحت تأثیراساسی نظام حاکمیت بودنِ مدیریت شهری، تعدد نهادهای متولی و تصمیم‌گیر و تاخت‌زنی منافع توسط گروه‌های مختلف در دولت و حاکمیت منجر به جلوگیری از تحقق حق برشهر شهروندان شده است که تنها با ایجاد مدیریت یکپارچه و مالکیت واحد قابل‌حل است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

How to produce urban spaces and discover what has happened in this process over time makes the type of space production transparent and allows for better planning and management and filling gaps through existing potentials.The purpose of this study is to present a model of urban space production of Abbasabad lands of Tehran metropolis with a magnifying glass of actors and current power relations between them.The methodological approach of this research is qualitative approach. The sampling method is based on the chain method. In order to increase the reliability of quality data, a period of twelve months and individuals in three different executive, scientific and scientific-executive areas related to the production of Abbasabad space were collected. Responsive validation technique has also been used to increase the reliability of quality data. The innovation of this research is the development of a theoretical model of producing a unique urban space with grounded theory and qualitative analysis with Atlasti software.Findings show that the algorithm or model of presence, position and relationships of urbanspace production actors in Abbasabad lands, in a linear-hierarchical manner between government institutions (including government and government institutions and urban management) And the private sector under the banner of the public sector is underway. In the production of this space, there was no mechanism for citizen participation and under the fundamental influence of the system of governance of urban management , the multiplicity of responsible and decision-making institutions and the invasion of interests by various groups in government and governance has led to the prevention of citizens' right to the city which can only be solved by creating integrated management and unit ownership.

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