شناسایی و رتبه بندی عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت مالی بخش خصوصی و نقش آن در توسعه پایدار شهری (مورد مطالعه: شهرداری یاسوج)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

حسن سلطانی ¹

1 - گروه مدیریت، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/06/28 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/09/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/05/01

کلید واژه: توسعه پایدار شهری, مشارکت مالی, بخش خصوصی, شهرداری یاسوج,

چکیده مقاله :

تأمین مالی طرح‌های توسعه شهری در کشورهای در حال توسعه، بیشتر بر عهده نهادهای بخش عمومی بوده و بخش خصوصی به دلایل مختلف رغبت چندانی برای ارائه این‌گونه خدمات نداشته است، اما تغییر هزینه‌ها و منافع اقتصادی طرح‌های توسعه شهری و افزایش تقاضا برای برخی خدمات شهری، منافع اقتصادی بعضی سرمایه‌گذاری‌ها در این طرح‌ها را چنان افزایش داده که بخش خصوصی را ترغیب می‌کند تا در کنار بخش عمومی وارد این قبیل پروژه‌ها شوند. ­هدف اصلی این پژوهش، شناسایی و رتبه­بندی عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت مالی بخش خصوصی و نقش آن در توسعه پایدار شهری است. این پژوهش براساس هدف، کاربردی و با توجه به نحوه گردآوری داده­ها، توصیفی و از نوع پیمایشی می­باشد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش 140 نفر از کارشناسان و متخصصان شرکت­های پیمانکاری در امر سرمایه­گذاری سازمان­های عمومی و غیردولتی شهر یاسوج بوده است. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران برابر 109 نفر تعیین و روش نمونه گیری غیر تصادفی در دسترس انتخاب گردید. ابزار جمع آوری داده­ها پرسشنامه استاندارد عزیزی و همکاران(1395) با مقیاس پنج گزینه­ای طیف لیکرت بوده است. روایی پرسشنامه با استفاده از نظر متخصصان به صورت محتوایی و پایایی آن با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ برای تمام متغیرها مورد تایید قرار گرفت. برای رتبه­بندی عوامل موثر بر مشارکت مالی از آزمون فریدمن و برای بررسی فرضیه­های پژوهش از آزمون t تک نمونه­ای استفاده شد. یافته­های پژوهش نشان داد که تأثیر مؤلفه­های تأثیر­گذار بر مشارکت بخش خصوصی در توسعه پروژه­ها به یک اندازه نمی­باشد و در این زمینه ارتباط معنی­دار بودن هدف در رتبه اول و سازماندهی، نگرش، پیش­نگری، خط­مشی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی- فرهنگی و ایجاد انگیزه (مشوق ها) به ترتیب در رتبه­های بعدی مؤلفه­های تأثیر­گذار بر مشارکت بخش خصوصی در توسعه پروژه­های شهر یاسوج قرار دارند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Financing of urban development projects in developing countries is mostly the responsibility of public sector institutions and the private sector for various reasons has not been very willing to provide such services, but changing the costs and economic benefits of urban development projects and increasing demand for some urban services, The economic benefits of some of these investments have increased so much that they encourage the private sector to join such projects alongside the public sector. The main purpose of this study is to identify and rank the factors affecting the financial participation of the private sector and its role in sustainable urban development. This research is applied based on the purpose and descriptive and survey type according to the data collection method. The statistical population of this study was 140 experts and specialists of contracting companies in the field of investment of public and non-governmental organizations in Yasuj. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula equal to 109 people and the available non-random sampling method was selected. Data collection tool was a standard questionnaire of Azizi et al. (2016) with a five-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts in terms of content and its reliability was confirmed by using Cronbach's alpha for all variables. Friedman test was used to rank the factors affecting financial participation and a one-sample t-test was used to test the research hypotheses. Findings showed that the effect of influential components on private sector participation in project development is not the same and in this regard, the relationship between the significance of the goal in the first place and organization, attitude, foresight. , Policy, economic and socio-cultural policy and motivation (incentives) are in the next ranks of components affecting the participation of the private sector in the development of Yasuj city projects, respectively.
Extended abstract
Introduction:
Financing of urban development projects in developing countries is mostly the responsibility of public sector institutions and the private sector for various reasons has not been very willing to provide such services, but changing the costs and economic benefits of urban development projects and increasing demand for some urban services. The economic benefits of some of the investments in these projects have increased to such an extent that they encourage the private sector to enter into such projects alongside the public sector. The main purpose of this study is to identify and rank the factors affecting the financial participation of the private sector and its role in sustainable urban development.
Methodology:
 The main purpose of this study is to identify and rank the factors affecting the financial participation of the private sector and its role in sustainable urban development. This research is applied based on the purpose and descriptive and survey type according to the data collection method. The statistical population of this study was 140 experts and specialists of contracting companies in the field of investment of public and non-governmental organizations in Yasuj. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula equal to 109 people and the available non-random sampling method was selected. Data collection tool was a standard questionnaire of Azizi et al. (2016) with a five-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts in terms of content and its reliability was confirmed by using Cronbach's alpha for all variables.
Results:
Friedman test was used to rank the factors affecting financial participation and a one-sample t-test was used to test the research hypotheses.
Conclusion:
Findings showed that the effect of influential components on private sector participation in project development is not the same - and in this regard, the relationship between the significance of the goal in the first place and organization, attitude, foresight. , Policy, economic and socio-cultural and motivation (incentives) are in the next ranks of the components affecting the participation of the private sector in the development of Yasuj city projects, respectively.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Asadi, A., Rahimi, A., Janbazi, G., Komili, M. (2019). Investigating the harms of urban management and its role in the urban development planning system, Quarterly Journal of Urban Research and Planning, Volume 11, Number 40, Spring 1399, 47-58


2. Bour, n .(2011). Identifying the financial resources of municipalities and the feasibility of providing sustainable urban revenues (case study of Nowshahr). Master Thesis in Urban, Planning, Tehran Azad University.                                                              


3. Butler, A. W., Fauver, L., & Mortal, S. (2009). Corruption, political connections, and municipal finance, Review of Financial Studies, hhp010.


4. Tsilas, V., & Brashares, E. (2018). P3 Projects and Tax-Exempt Bond Financing: How Does the Puzzle Work? Municipal Finance Journal, 37(1).

4. Dempsey, N., Brown, C., & Bramley, G. (2018). The key to sustainable urban development in UK cities? The influence of density on social sustainability. Progress in Planning, 77(3), 89-141.


5. Donevska, N. (2015). Trade-offs in sustainable urban development: the case of Skopje. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 1-8.


6. Ghorbani, Rasoul and Azimi, Mitra .(2015). Modeling and ranking criteria in optimal financing for the public sector using the MCDM method (Mashhad metropolis). Economic Modeling Quarterly, Year 9, Issue 1, Spring 2015, pp. 124-107


7. Hadi Zanouz, Behrooz .(2009). Municipal Financing, Theoretical Foundations of Municipal Revenue System, Journal of Urban Economy, Summer 2009, No. 2, pp. 4-27


8. Maher, C. S., Deller, S. C., Stallmann, J. I., & Park, S. (2016). The Impact of Tax and Expenditure Limits on Municipal Credit Ratings. The American Review of Public Administration, 46(5), 592-613.


9. Modarreszadeh Bozorgi, Saeed and Nasiri Majd, Saeed .(2014). Strategies for achieving sustainable financial resources in municipalities, studied: Nazarabad Municipality, Karaj, the first national conference in search of the city of tomorrow and the study of concepts and examples in the Islamic-Iranian city, Tehran, Diba Ofogh ARiya Company.


10. Moezzi Moghadam, Hossein .(2004). Methods of providing municipal revenue sources, Municipalities Conference and Urban Economy, Tarbiat Modares University


11. Namvar Haghighi Shirazifard, F., Hajipour, K., Shabani, A., Mohammadi, M (2019). Comparative study of urban growth management models in Shiraz metropolis, Journal of Urban Research and Urban Planning, Volume 10, Number 39, Winter 1398.


12. Pourjafar, Mohammad Reza Khodaei, Zahra, Pourkhairi, Ali .(2011). Analytical approach in recognizing the components, indicators and manifestations of sustainable urban development, Iranian Journal of Social Development Studies, Year 3, Issue 3, Summer 2011.


13. Rabinovitch, J. (2019). Curitiba: towards sustainable urban development.Environment and Urbanization, 4(2), 62-73.


14. Rahimi, Hussein (2006). Development of Sustainable Urban Development Program in Shousha, Master Thesis in Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Department of Urban Planning.


15. Razin, E. (2016). Inter-Municipal Cooperation in the Development of Industrial Parks and Tax Redistribution: The Road to Hell is Paved with Good Intentions. Quaestiones Geographicae, 35(2), 83-90.


16. Sadeghi, Seyed Kamal, Mohammadzadeh, Parviz .(2015). Factors Affecting Private Sector Participation as an Approach to Providing Sustainable Financial Resources for Municipal Projects, Quarterly Journal of Economics and Urban Management, Volume 3, Issue 11.


17. Sepahvand, Reza and Arefnejad, Mohsen .(2013). Prioritization of Sustainable Urban Development Indicators with the Hierarchical Analysis Approach (Case Study of Isfahan), Quarterly Journal of Urban Planning Studies, First Year, First Issue, Spring 2013, pp. 43-59.


18. Sharzei, Gholam Ali and Majed, Vahid .(2011). Sustainable city financing, how to finance sustainable urban development. Bi-Quarterly Journal of Urban Management, Volume 9, Spring and Summer 2011, pp. 299-315.


19. Sharifzadeh, Abolghasem, Abdullahzadeh, Gholam Hossein, Sharifi, Mahnoosh, Mahmoudi, Abdolreza .(2014). Transition to Post-Sustainability: A Critical Approach to Sustainable Development as an Ideology, Third Conference of the Iranian Islamic Model of Progress, May and June 2014.

21. Tweed, C., & Sutherland, M. (2007). Built cultural heritage and sustainable urban development. Landscape and urban planning, 83(1), 62-69.


22. Yigitcanlar, T., & Teriman, S. (2019). Rethinking sustainable urban development: towards an integrated planning and development process.International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 12(1), 341-352.


23. Zare, Maryam and Shabandoost, Narjes .(2015). Study of Rasht as an Islamic city based on indicators of sustainable urban development, National Conference of Iranian Islamic Architecture and Urban Planning, Rasht, Payame Noor University of Gilan.                                                              


24. Zare, Ameneh; Homayounifar, Massoud and Razmi, Seyed Mohammad Javad .(2015). Evaluation of cities in Khorasan Razavi province based on sustainable development indicators. Journal of Regional Economics and Development, Volume 22, Number 10, Fall-Winter 2015, pp. 75-68.


25. Zanganeh Shahraki, Saeed, Hosseini, Seyed Ali .(2013). Economic management of the city with emphasis on local tax and the variables affecting it (Case study of Tehran), Quarterly Journal of Economics and Urban Management, No. 2, Spring 2013.