بررسی عوامل مؤثر برمهاجرت معکوس از شهر به روستا( نمونه موردی : شهرستان سرپل ذهاب)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

معارف الفتی ¹ , منصور حقیقتیان ² , سید ناصر حجازی ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری جامعه شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی دهاقان اصفهان
2 - دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی دهاقان اصفهان
3 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی دهاقان اصفهان

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/06/30 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/07/29 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/09/01

کلید واژه: عوامل اجتماعی, اقتصادی, فرهنگی, مهاجرت معکوس, دسترسی به منابع,

چکیده مقاله :

مهاجرت معکوس فرایندی است که سه مرحله تولد وزندگی در روستا، مهاجرت به شهر و سکونت در آنجا و سپس، بازگشت مجدد به روستا را شامل می‌شود. هدف این پژوهش عوامل موثر بر مهاجرت معکوس از شهر به روستا است. پژوهش حاضر با توجه به هدف کاربردی، و با توجه به نحوه گردآوری داده‌ها از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی همبستگی محسوب می‌شود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل خانوارهای دارای مهاجرت معکوس از شهر به روستا در شهرستان سرپل ذهاب که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران تعداد 326 نفر از آن‌ها به‌عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شدند. در این پژوهش برای انتخاب نمونه از روش نمونه‌گیری سهمیه‌ای استفاده شد. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از دو بخش توصیفی (شاخص‌های گرایش به مرکز و پراکندگی) و شاخص‌های استنباطی (همبستگی و رگرسیون) با استفاده از دو نرم‌افزار spss و amos استفاده شد. نتایج یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که تسهیلات آموزشی r= 0/34) )، فن‌آوری‌های نوین ارتباطی (r= 0/69)، دسترسی به منابع (r= 0/75)، ایجاد درآمد r= 0/72) ) و مهاجرت معکوس از شهر به روستا رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری وجود دارد.
 

چکیده انگلیسی:

Explaining the social, cultural and economic factors of reverse migration from city to village (Case study: Sarpol-e Zahab city)
abestract
Explaining the social, cultural and economic factors of reverse migration from city to village (Case study: Sarpol-e Zahab city)
Reverse migration is a process that includes three stages of birth and life in the village, migration to the city and living there and then, returning to the village. The purpose of this study is social, cultural and economic factors of reverse migration from urban to rural areas. The present study is considered as a descriptive correlational study according to the applied purpose and according to the data collection method. The statistical population of the study includes households with reverse migration from city to village in Sarpol-e-Zahab city, using Cochran's formula, 406 people were selected as the sample size. In this study, quota sampling method was used to select the sample. To analyze the data, two descriptive sections (center orientation and dispersion indices) and inferential indices (correlation and regression) were used using SPSS and AMOS software. The results show that unity and empathy (r = 0.70), educational facilities (r = 0.34), tourist attractions (r = 0.74), new communication technologies (r = 0.69) There is a positive and significant relationship between access to resources (r = 0.75), infrastructure development (r = 0.78) and reverse migration from urban to rural areas.
Keywords: reverse migration, social, cultural, economic factors, access to resources.
reverse migration, social, cultural, economic factors, access to resources reverse migration, social, cultural, economic factors, access to resources.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Afrakhteh, Hassan; Monafi Azar, Reza; velaii, mohammad( 2017), Spatial-spatial effects of return migration in Miandoab city, Journal of Rural Research and Planning, 5 (1), pp. 83-98.


2. Afrakhteh, H., & Hajipour, M. (2013). The development of possession system of rural lands,causes and consequences, (Case study: Neghab and Masome Abad villages in Khosef County). Quarterly of Rural Development Economy, 2(3), 1-21. [In Persian].


3. Ashtari Mehrjardi, abazar; Mirzaei, Hussein; Firoozabadi, Seyed Ahmad; Imani Jajarmi, Hossein (2015), Sociological study of second homes in Iran and its consequences (Case study of Farahan city), Social Welfare and Development Planning Quarterly, Year 7, No. 28.


4. Ali Babaei, Mojtaba; Friday Poor, Mahmoud (2017), The process and pattern of reverse rural migration and the factors affecting it) Case study: Hajiloo rural district of Kabudarahang city, Journal of Rural Research and Planning, 5 (4), 91-105.


5. Curran, S. R., & Rivero-Fuentes, E. (2003). Engendering migrant networks: The case of Mexican migration. Demography, 40(2), 289-307.


6. Dustmann, C., & Yoram, W. (2007). Return migration: Theory and empirical evidence center forresearch and analysis of migration. London: University College of London.


7. Ghasemi, Maryam; Young, Jafar; Saberi, Zahra( 2014), An Analysis of the Causes of Reverse Migration in Rural Areas of Binalood County, Geographical Studies of Arid Areas, Volume 4, Number 16, pp. 15-37.


8. Ghasemi Ardaei, Ali; Nobakht, Reza(2017), Causes and determinants of reverse migration flows in Iran , Letter of the Iranian Demographic Association, Volume 11, Number 21, pp. 41_70 .


9. Jomehpour, M. (1391/2012). An Introduction to Rural Planning: Perspectives and Methods, (5th Ed.). Tehran, Iran: SAMT Press. [In Persian]


10. Lee, E. S. (1999). A theory of migration. Demography, 3(1), 47-57.


11. Mushfaq, Mahmoud; Eidi Tarakmeh, guidance(2012), Assessing the Relationship between Government Incentives for Immigration and the Tendency of Reverse Migration in Iran (Case Study of the Staff of the Ministry of Jihad Agriculture in Tehran), Population Quarterly.


12. Monafi Azar, Reza; Abdullahi, Abdullah; Alizadeh, Timur; ; velaii, mohammad; Ghasemi Ardehani, Ali(2015), Return migration and its consequences on rural settlements (Case study: Barough section of Miandoab city), Journal of Human Settlement Planning Studies Volume 12, Number 1 (38), pp. 173-192.


13. mohammadpurlima, Alizadmina Abad, Farshid(2017), Urban divergence and the process of residents leaving the metropolitan area (Case study: Tehran), Geography and Urban Planning - Regional, No. 29, pp. 75-90.

Yaqubi, Jafar; Zabidi, Tahereh( 2017), Investigating the motives of reverse migration and its consequences in the villages of Ijroud city - Zanjan province, Quarterly Journal of Rural Research, Volume 9, Number 2.