بررسی مؤلفه‌های شهروند محیط‌زیستی و ارتباط آن با رفتار زیست محیطی شهروندان (مطالعه موردی: شهر مراغه )
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری
منیژه لاله پور
1
(هیات علمی)
رحیمه سلطانزاده
2
(.)
سحر نصیریان بدیعی
3
(.)
کلید واژه: دانش زیست محیطی, نگرش زیست محیطی, رفتار محیط زیستی, شهروند محیط زیستی,
چکیده مقاله :
مقوله محیط زیست و حفاظت از آن مهم‌ترین دغدغه انسان معاصر است. محیط زیست به تمام محیطی اطلاق می‌شود که انسان به طور مستقیم یا غیرمستقیم به آن وابسته بوده و فرآیندی است که از زیستن حمایت می‌کند. از زمانی که بشر پا بر روی کره خاکی گذاشته، تعامل مداوم و پایداری بین او و جهان طبیعی برقرار بوده است. اما با رشد جمعیت و صنعتی شدن جوامع، تقاضای فزاینده‌ای را به طبیعت تحمیل و باعث تخریب منابع آن گردید. در این راستا هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی رابطه بین فعالیت‌های انسانی با محیط زیست طبیعی و میزان آگاهی شهروندان از این مقوله است. جامعه آماری تحقیق، شهروندان شهر مراغه است که نمونه‌ای شامل 348 نفر از آنها از طریق فرمول کوکران انتخاب شدند. تحقیق حاضر به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و به لحاظ روش از سنخ تحقیقات توصیفی-تحلیلی است، که از طریق مطالعه کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی (پرسشنامه) انجام گرفته است. انتخاب اعضای نمونه از طریق نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای-تصادفی انجام گرفته است. جهت تحلیل داده‌ها، از آزمون‌های آماری تی‌تک نمونه‌ای و ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن در محیط نرم افزار SPSS استفاده شده است. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق، شهروندان با میانگین 4/3 درصد، نسبت به مسائل زیست محیطی شهر خود حساسیت و آگاهی لازم را دارند، اما به دلیل عمق مشکلات اقتصادی و اجتماعی آنها، مسائل محیط‌زیستی با 8/6 درصد جزء دغدغه اصلی مردم نبوده است. رفتار، نگرش و دانش زیست-محیطی شهروندان در وضعیت مطلوب قرار دارد. اما مؤلفه‌های قانونی-نهادی که به عنوان بسترساز فکر و عمل صحیح مردم، مدیران و مسئولین محسوب می‌شود؛ با میانگین 2/5 وضعیت چندان مطلوبی ندارند. همچنین بین مؤلفه‌های شهروند زیست-محیطی با رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان رابطه وجود دارد. بنابراین با آموزش و برگزاری دوره‌های الگوی مصرف صحیح و بسترسازی‌های قانونی-نهادی می‌توان الگوهای مصرف و عمل منطبق با ارزش‌های زیست محیطی را ترویج داد.
The issue of environment and its protection is the most important concern of contemporary man. The environment refers to the whole environment to which human is directly or indirectly dependent and is a process that supports living. Ever since human set foot on the planet, there has been a constant and stable interaction between him and the natural world. But with the growth of population and the industrialization of societies, it imposed an increasing demand on nature and caused its resources to be destroyed. In this regard, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between human activities and the natural environment and the level of citizens' awareness of this issue. The statistical population of the study is the citizens of Maragheh, a sample of 348 of whom were selected through the Cochran's formula. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical research in terms of method, which has been done through library and field study (questionnaire). The sample members were selected through cluster-random sampling. To analyze the data, sample statistical tests and Spearman correlation coefficient were used in SPSS software environment. According to the research findings, citizens with an average of 3.4% have the necessary sensitivity and awareness about the environmental issues of their city, but due to the depth of their economic and social problems, environmental issues with 6.8% are a concern. It has not been the main people. Citizens' behavior, attitude and environmental knowledge are in good condition. But the legal-institutional components that are considered as the basis for the correct thought and action of the people, managers and officials; With an average of 2.5, they are not in a very favorable situation. There is also a relationship between the components of environmental citizenship and the environmental behavior of citizens. Therefore, by training and holding courses on proper consumption patterns and legal-institutional contexts, consumption patterns and practices in accordance with environmental values can be promoted.
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