مقایسه مهمترین عوامل موثر در تولید رواناب جهت های اصلی دامنه سازندهای گچساران و آغاجاری

محورهای موضوعی : برگرفته از پایان نامه

حمزه سعیدیان ¹ , حمید رضا مرادی ² , سادات فیض نیا ³ , نادر بهرامی فر ⁴

1 - استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمان، ایران.
2 - استاد، گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرّس، ایران.
3 - استاد، گروه احیاء مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.
4 - دانشیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرّس، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/07/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/07/11 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/05/01

کلید واژه: رواناب, سازند آغاجاری, خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک, سازند گچساران,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده
مقدمه: بررسی تغییرات مکانی رواناب و عوامل موثر بر آن به منظور ارائه راه کارهایی برای کاهش آن بسیار مهم می­باشد. در سال های اخیر مطالعات تئوری و میدانی زیادی تولید مکانی رواناب را ناهمگن ارزیابی کردند.
روش: در این تحقیق به منظور بررسی عوامل موثر در تولید رواناب جهت های اصلی دامنه (شمالی، جنوبی، شرقی و غربی) سازند­های گچساران و آغاجاری، بخشی از حوزه آبخیز کوه گچ و مرغا شهرستان ایذه انتخاب گردید. بدین منظور در هر دو سازند از شبیه­ساز باران در 16 نقطه و با 3 بار تکرار و در شدت­های بارش 1 و 25/1 میلی­متر در دقیقه استفاده شد. هم­چنین عوامل خاکی سازندهای گچساران و آغاجاری مانند درصد شن، ماسه، سیلت و رس، pH، شوری خاک، رطوبت، کربنات کلسیم، ماده آلی و میزان سدیم بررسی گردیدند. به منظور انجام تحلیل­های آماری از نرم افزارهای17 SPSS وEXCEL 2007  استفاده گردید و مهمترین عوامل موثر در تولید رواناب با استفاده از رگرسیون چند متغیره شناسایی شدند.
یافته ها و نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان دادند که تولید رواناب در سازند آغاجاری بیشتر به خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک بستگی دارد. ولی تولید رواناب در سازند گچساران بیشتر به خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک وابسته می باشد.
 

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract
Introduction: Investigating the spatial variability of runoff and its influencing factors to provide solutions to reduce it is very important. In recent years, many theoretical and field studies have evaluated the spatial production of runoff as heterogeneous.
Methods: In this study, to investigate the affecting factors in runoff production of the slope main aspects (northern, southern, eastern, and western) of the Gachsaran and Aghajari formations were selected a part of the Gach Kuhe and Margha watershed in Izeh city. For this purpose, a rain simulator was used in both formations at 16 points with 3 replications at rainfall intensities in 1 and 1.25 mm/min. Also, soil factors of Gachsaran and Aghajari formations such as percentages of gravel, sand, silt and clay, pH, soil salinity, moisture, calcium carbonate, organic matter, and sodium content were investigated. SPSS 17 and EXCEL 2007 software were used for statistical analysis.
Findings and Conclusion: The most important factors affecting runoff production were identified using multivariate regression. The results showed that runoff production in Aghajari Formation is more dependent on soil chemical properties, but runoff production in Gachsaran Formation is more dependent on soil physical properties.

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