ارزیابی و تجزیه و تحلیل آماری پارامتر ها و شاخص کیفیت آب زیرزمینی برای مصارف آشامیدنی در منطقه خرم آباد
محورهای موضوعی : برگرفته از پایان نامهزهرا چراغی 1 , رامین ساریخانی 2 , محمد مهدی فرهپور 3 , آرتیمس قاسمی دهنوی 4
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زمین شناسی زیست محیطی دانشگاه لرستان
2 - استادیار گروه زمین شناسی دانشگاه لرستان
3 - استادیار گروه زمین شناسی دانشگاه لرستان
4 - استادیار گروه زمین شناسی دانشگاه لرستان
کلید واژه: تحلیل عاملی, ضریب همبستگی, آنالیز خوشه‌ای, خرم‌آباد, کیفیت آب زیرزمینی,
چکیده مقاله :
روش‌های آماری در بررسی کیفیت آب در مناطق مختلف استفاده می شود که ازجمله این روش‌ها آمار یک متغیره و چند متغیره می‌باشد. در منطقه مورد مطالعه با توجه به نمودار خوشه‌ای پارامترهای کیفی آب‌های زیرزمینی منطقه در دو خوشه قرار گرفتند که ناشی از عوامل تأثیر سازندها و فاکتورهای زمین شناسی می باشد. روش تحلیل مؤلفه اصلی داده‌ها نشان داده است که فاکتورهای تأثیرگذار در کیفیت آب زیرزمینی املاح محلول، هدایت الکتریکی، بی‌کربنات، کلراید، کلسیم، منیزیم، سدیم و سختی است. با توجه به مشخصه‌های موجود در هر عامل و منشأ آن‌ها، مبین تأثیر سازندهای زمین‌شناسی ، سنگهای آهکی و تبخیری در منطقه است. در بررسی مقدار ضریب همبستگی پارامترهای آب زیرزمینی منطقه مورد مطالعه، نشان داد که همبستگی بالای بین سدیم وکلر را نشان دهنده انحلال هالیت سازند گچساران در منطقه مورد مطالعه است. همبستگی بالای بین هدایت الکتریکی با سولفات، سدیم و کلر را می‌توان به انحلال هالیت و نمک‌‌های سولفاته به خصوص سولفات کلسیم ارتباط داد. همچنین همبستگی بین بی‌کربنات و منیزیم را نشانگر نقش انحلال دولومیت در افزایش غلظت کلسیم موجود در آب دانست. شاخص کیفی آب زیرزمینی در منطقه بررسی شده که نشان می دهد کیفیت آب زیرزمینی در منطقه بین 73 تا 81 بوده و بیان کننده مناسب تا قابل قبول است که متأثر از عوامل زمین‌شناسی (سنگ‌شناسی) و جهت جریان در منطقه باشد. همبستگی بین شاخص کیفی آب زیرزمینی و پارامترهای کیفی نشان داد که سختی کل و میزان بی‌کربنات و جامدات محلول بیش‌ترین تأثیر را در کیفیت آب زیرزمینی داشته است
The statistical methods are used for investigation of water quality in different area that such as univariate and multivariate statistics methods. In the study area, according to cluster diagrams of groundwater quality parameters are plotted in two cluster that due to formations and geological factors. Principle component analysis methods are shown that effective factors such as electrical conductivity, material solution, HCO3-, Mg2+, Cl-, Na+ and total hardness in groundwater quality. According to major parameters and its source, groundwater quality related to geological formation, limestone and evaporated rocks in the study area. The coefficient factor of groundwater parameters in the study area are shown that high relationship between electrical conductivity with SO42-, Na- and Cl- due to halite solution from Ghachsaran formation and high correlation between electric conductivity and SO42- ,Na+,Cl- due to sulfate salt and sulfate calcium especially. Also correlation between HCO3- and Mg2+ can be considered for role of dolomite rocks solution in increasing Ca2+ concentration in water. The GQI of groundwater quality in the study area is evaluated that indicated groundwater quality of region are between 73% to 81%, which indicate the groundwater quality placed in suitable to acceptable class of quality that may be affected by geological factors such as lithology, current direction in the area. The correlation between groundwater quality index and quality parameters are shown that total hardness, bicarbonate and dissolved solids had the highest impact on groundwater quality in the study area.
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