تحلیل تأثیر کاربری اراضی بر نتایج شبیه‌سازی پارامترهای هیدرولوژیکی حوضه آبخیزنیرچای با استفاده از مدل SWAT
محورهای موضوعی : برگرفته از پایان نامهصیاد اصغری سراسکانرود 1 , مهدی فعال نذیری 2
1 - دانشیار گروه ژئومورفولوژی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل
2 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل.
کلید واژه: کاربری اراضی, رواناب, مدل SWAT, پارامترهای هیدرولوژیکی, طبقه‌بندی شئ گرا,
چکیده مقاله :
تأثیر کاربری اراضی بر فرایندهای هیدرولوژیکی و رواناب حوضه آبخیز می‌تواند به مدیریت چالش‌های منابع آب و برنامه‌ریزی صحیح در مدیریت حوضه‌های آبخیز کمک نماید. مدل‌های هیدرولوژیکی نمایش ساده‌شده‌ای از سیستم هیدرولوژی واقعی هستند که به مطالعه درباره کارکرد حوضه می‌پردازد بنابراین انتخاب مدل، نیاز به تشخیص قابلیت و محدودیت مدل‌های هیدرولوژی حوضه دارد. در این تحقیق، به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کاربری اراضی بر رواناب حوضه رودخانه نیر چای، از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای لندست (OLI-TM) سال‌های (1990-2000-2018) استفاده شد. ابتدا تصاویر مربوطه اخذ و پیش‌پردازش‌های لازم اعمال شد، سپس طبقه‌بندی با استفاده از روش شی‌ءگرا و الگوریتم نزدیک‌ترین همسایگی صورت گرفت همچنین از مدل (SWAT) بـرای شبیه‌سازی هیـدرولوژیکی حوضـه استفاده شد و از الگـوریتم (SUFI-2) در نرم‌افزار SWAT-CUP) ) برای تحلیل حساسیت، واسنجی، اعتبار سنجی بهره گرفته شد. با توجه به ضریب NS و R2، P و R به‌دست‌آمده در مرحله واسنجی (به ترتیب برابر با 74/0 و 75/0 و 88/0 و 82/0) و در مرحله اعتبار سنجی (به ترتیب برابر با 68/0 و 72/0 و 90/0 و 79/0) نشان می‌دهد این آمار دارای کارایی قابل قبولی در پیش‌بینی متغیرهای موردبررسی در آبخیز موردمطالعه دارد. ازاین‌رو نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد مدل SWAT بهترین عملکرد را از شبیه‌سازی رواناب حوضه رودخانه نیر چای نسبت به داده‌های مشاهداتی در دوره صحت یابی داشته است.
Impact of land use on hydrological processes and runoff of watershed can help manage water resources challenges and proper planning in watershed management. Hydrological models are a simplified representation of a real hydrological system that studies the basin's performance, so selecting a model requires identifying the capability and limitation of basin hydrology models. In this study, Landsat satellite imagery (OLI-TM) for years (1990-2000-2018) was used to investigate the impact of land use on runoff in the Nai Chai River Basin. Initially, the relevant images were obtained and preprocesses were applied, then the classification was done using the object-oriented method and the nearest-neighbor algorithm. Validation was used for sensitivity analysis, calibration. According to the coefficients NS, R2, P and R obtained at the calibration stage (0.74, 0.75, 0.88, 0.82, respectively), and at the validation stage (0.68 , 0.68, 0.72, 0.90, 0.79) respectively, indicate that these statistics have an acceptable performance in predicting the variables under study in the watershed. Therefore, the results of this study showed that the SWAT model has the best performance from runoff simulation in the Ney Chai river basin compared to observational data during the validation period.
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