عوامل موثر بر تمایل کشاورزان به استفاده از راهکارهای مدیریت پایدار منابع آبی در شهرستان مراغه
محورهای موضوعی : برگرفته از پایان نامهام البنین رضانژاد 1 , علی شمس 2 , حلیمه رزمی 3
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان
2 - استادیار گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان
3 - فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان
کلید واژه: تمایل, مدیریت پایدار, منابع آبی, باغداران, شهرستان مراغه,
چکیده مقاله :
در سال‌های اخیر به دلیل تغییرات آب‌وهوایی و مدیریت نادرست منابع آبی، بخش کشاورزی با بحران منابع آبی مواجه شده است و مدیریت صحیح منابع آب توسط کشاورزان به عنوان یکی از راهحلها مطرح است. تحقیق توصیفی همبستگی حاضر با هدف سنجش عوامل موثر بر میزان تمایل باغداران شهرستان مراغه به استفاده از روش‌های مدیریت پایدار منابع آبی انجام شد. جامعه آماری این تحقیق را کلیه باغداران شهرستان مراغه تشکیل می‌دادند (11742 باغدار) که 228 نفر از آن‌ها از طریق نمونه‌گیری چندمرحله‌ای تصادفی و طبق فرمول نمونه‌گیری کوکران انتخاب و مطالعه شدند. روایی ابزار تحقیق پرسشنامه توسط گروهی از اساتید و کارشناسان مرتبط تائید و پایایی آن نیز از طریق پیش‌آزمون و محاسبه ضریب کرونباخ آلفای بزرگ‌تر از 7/0 برای شاخص‌های ترکیبی حاصل شد. نتایج نشان داد که اکثریت باغداران (9/88 درصد) تمایل زیادی برای اجرای راهکارهای مدیریت پایدار منابع آبی داشتند و میزان تمایل آن‌ها با متغیرهای مساحت باغ، تعداد کل درختان، درآمد سالانه باغی، میزان سطح اجرای آبیاری قطره‌ای در باغ، سابقه اجرای آبیاری قطره‌ای، مالکیت ادوات کشاورزی، میزان دریافت اطلاعات از کتاب، نگرش در مورد تغییر اقلیم و سرمایه اجتماعی رابطه مثبت و با نیاز آموزشی، درآمد سالانه غیر باغی، میزان آب مصرفی، درصد درختان گردو میزان دریافت اطلاعات از همسایگان و باغداران رابطه منفی و معنیدار داشت. تحلیل رگرسیونی گام‌به‌گام نیز نشان داد که متغیرهای سطح اعتماد اجتماعی، درک تغییرات آب‌وهوایی (شور شدن آب) و کاهش میزان آب مصرفی توسط باغداران 9/55 درصد تغییرات میزان تمایل آن‌ها به پذیرش روش‌های مدیریت پایدار را تبیین می‌کرد.
In recent years due to climate change and water resource mismanagement, the agricultural sector in Iran hase faced with water shortages crisis and one of the important solutions to the water crisis, is improving the water resources management by farmers.This descriptive- correlational study aimed to investigate the intention of fruit farmers in Sustainable Management of Agricultural Water Resources and factors affecting on the intention level of them. Research tool was a researcher made questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by related experts and by conducting a pilot study and calculation of Cronbach's alpha higher than 7.0 for the composition indicators, its reliability was obtained. The statistical population consisted all fruit farmers of Maragheh township (N= 11742) which based on Cochran sampling formula 228 farmers were selected by using multistage randomized sampling method. Data collected by personal interview with fruit farmers in 14 villages and analyzed through software SPSS21.Results showed that, the majority of them (88.9 percent) highly tended to use sustainable management strategies. According to regression analysis, five variables of social trust, educational need, the status of consumed water, the perception of the fruit growers regarding the reduction of water resources and perception of the fruit growers regarding the salinization of water resources explained 55% of their tendency to use of sustainable water resource methods.
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