بررسی فرایند رسوب‌گذاری گاما پرایم (γ') تحت تاثیر کرنش در سوپر آلیاژ پایه نیکل Nimonic80A
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی - پژوهشی مواد نوین
مسعود میزایی
1
,
علیرضا خدابنده
2
,
حمید رضا نجفی دژده منفرد
3
,
غلامرضا ابراهیمی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی مواد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه مهندسی مواد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - -استادیار، گروه مهندسی مواد، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - استاد، گروه مهندسی مواد و متالورژی، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: سوپر‌آلیاژ Nimonic 80A, آزمون رهایی تنش, رسوب‌گذاری دینامیک, گاما پرایم,
چکیده مقاله :
رفتار رسوب‌گذاری گاما پرایم (γ') تحت تاثیر کرنش در سوپر آلیاژ Nimonic80A با استفاده از آزمون رهایی تنش در محدوده حرارتی °C1000 - 900 و نرخ کرنش s-1 001/0 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. دمای انحلال و رسوب گذاری فاز گاماپرایم (γ') در پژوهش حاضر درمحدوده حرارتی °C950 تا °C960 می‌باشد که با استفاده از آنالیز حرارتی، تعیین گردید. نتایج نشان می‌دهدکه دمای انحلال گاما پرایم (γ') یا رسوب گذاری تابع دما و میزان کرنش اعمالی می‌باشد. در واقع با افزایش دمای آزمون رهایی تنش، زمان‌های شروع رسوب‌گذاری در محدوده حرارتی °C 900 تا °C 950 کاهش یافته و سپس در دمای °C975 افزایش یافته است. همچنین در دمای °C 1000 در کرنش 05/0، هیچ گونه رسوب‌گذاری در نمونه مشاهده نشد اما با افزایش میزان کرنش 2/0 رسوب‌گذاری ابتدا رخ داده و با گذشت زمان مجددا در زمینه حل شده است. دمای انحلال رسوب‌های گاماپرایم (γ') در کرنش های کم (05/0) تحت تاثیر کرنش نمی‌باشد (برخلاف کرنش 2/0). منحنی رسوب‌گذاری – زمان- دما (PTT) برای سوپر‌آلیاژ Nimonic 80A، با استفاده از زمان های شروع و پایان رسوب گذاری حاصل از منحنی‌های رهایی تنش، رسم و مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین ریزساختار نمونه‌ها، به منظور راستی آزمایی نتایج آزمون رهایی تنش با استفاده از میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی انتشار میدانی FESEM)) مورد بررسی و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
Gamma-prime precipitation behavior under the influence of strain in Nimonic80A superalloy was investigated using stress relaxation test in the temperature range of 900-900°C and strain rate of 0.001 s-1. The dissolution and deposition temperature of gamma-prime phase in the present study is in the temperature range of 950°C to 960°C, which was determined using thermal analysis. The results show that the dissolution temperature of gamma prime or precipitation is a function of the temperature and the amount of strain applied. Actually, with increasing the temperature of stress relaxation test, the precipitation onset times in the temperature range of 900°C to 950°C decreased and then increased at 975°C. Also, at 1000°C at a strain of 0.05, no precipitation was observed in the sample, but with increasing strain of 0.2, precipitation occurred first and over time has been resolved again in the field. The dissolution temperature of gamma pram s precipitation at low strains (0.05) is not affected by strain (unlike strain 0.2). precipitation-time-temperature (PTT) curve for Nimonic80A superalloy was plotted and investigated using the start and end times of precipitation obtained from stress release curves. Also, the microstructure of the samples was examined and analyzed in order to verify the results of stress relaxation test using scanning electron microscope (FESEM).
1. G.Z. Quan, Y. Li, L. Zhang, X. Wang. (2017). "Evolution of grain refinement degree induced by dynamic recrystallization for Nimonic 80A during hot compression process and its FEM analysis", Vacuum, vol. 39, pp. 51-63,.
2. B. Tian, G.A. Zickler, C. Lind, O. Paris. (2003). "Local Microstructure and its influence on precipitation behavior in hot deformed Nimonic 80a", Acta Materialia, vol. 51, pp. 4149-4160.
3. H.S. Jeong, J.R. Cho, H.C. Park. (2005). "Microstructure prediction of Nimonic 80A for large exhaust valve during hot Closed die forging", Journal of Materials Processing Technology. vol. 162, pp. 504-511.
4. Y. Huang, Y.C. Lin, J. Deng, G. Liu. (2014). "Hot tensile deformation behaviors and Constitutive model of 42CrMo steel", Materials and Design, vol. 53, pp. 349-356, 2014.
5. Y. Wang, W.Z. Shao, L. Zhen, X.M. Zhang. (2007). "Microstructure evolution during dynamic recrystallization of hot deformed superalloy 718", Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 486 (1), pp. 321-332.
6. G.Z. Quan, J. Pan, X. Wang, Z.H. Zhang, L. Zhang, T. Wang. (2017). "Correspondence between grain refinements and flow softening behaviors at Nimonic 80A superalloy under different strain rates", temperatures and strains, Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 679, pp. 358-371.
7. S. Mitsche, C. Sommitsch, D. Huber, M. Stockinger, P. Poelt. (2011). "Assessment of dynamic softening mechanisms in Allvac 718PlusTM by EBSD analysis", Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 528, pp. 3754-3760.
8. S. S. S. Kumar, T. Raghu, P.P. Bhattacharjee, G.A Rao, U. Borah. (2015). "Constitutive modeling for predicting peak stress characteristics during hot deformation of hot isostatically processed nickel-base superalloy", Journal of Materials Science, vol. 50, pp. 6444-6456.
9. O. Kwon, A.J. Deard. (1991). "Interactions between recrystallization and precipitation in hot-deformed micro alloyed steels", Acta Metallurgica et Materialia vol. 39, pp. 529-538.
10. J. G. Speer, S.S. Hansen. (1989). "Austenite recrystallization and carbonatite precipitation in niobium micro alloyed steels", Metallurgical Transactions A, vol. 20, pp. 25-38.
11. M. Jahazi, X.L. He, J.J. Jonas, W.P. Sun. (1992). "Nb(C, N) Precipitation and Austenite Recrystallization in Boron-Containing High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels", Metallurgical Transactions A, vol. 23, pp. 2111-2120.
12. H. Monajati, F. Zarandi, M. Jahazi, and S. Yue. (2005). Strain Induced Precipitation in Nickel Base Superalloy Udimet 720 Using a Stress Relaxation Based Technique", Scripta Materialia, vol. 52, pp. 771-776, 2005.
13. J. Calvo, M. Penalva, J. M. Cabrera. (2016). "Characterization of Strain-Induced Precipitation in Inconel 718 Superalloy", Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, vol. 25, pp. 3409-3417.
14. X.P. Wei, W. Zheng, ZH. Song, T. Lei, Q.l. Yong, Q. Xie. (2014). "Strain-induced Precipitation Behavior of δ Phase in Inconel 718 Alloy", Journal of Iron and Steel Research, International, vol. 21 (3), pp. 375-381.
15. W. Liu, M. Yao, Z. Chen. (1999). "Effect of cold rolling on the precipitation behavior of δ phase in Inconel 718", Metallurgical Transactions A, vol. 30, pp. 31-40.
16. Y. Mei, Y. Liu, C. Liu, et al. (2015). "Effects of cold rolling on the precipitation kinetics and the morphology evolution of intermediate phases in Inconel 718 alloy", Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 649, pp. 949-960.
17. K. Tanaka, M. Ooshima, N. Tsuno, A. Sato, H. InuI. (2012). "Creep deformation of single crystals of new Co–Al–W-based alloys with fcc/L12 two-phase microstructures", Journal Philosophical Magazine, vol. 92, pp. 4011-4027.
18. B. Tian, C. Lind, E. Schafler, O. Paris. (2004). "Evolution of microstructures during dynamic recrystallization and dynamic recovery in hot deformed Nimonic 80A", Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 367, pp. 198-204, 2004.
19. J.J. Jonas, X. Quelennec, L. Jiang, E. Martin. (2009). "The Avrami kinetics of dynamic Recrystallization", Acta Materialia, vol. 57, pp. 2748-2756.
20. H. Shen, W. Wang, Z.h. Wang, L. Zhang. (2008). The "Application of Ni-Base Alloy Nimonic 80A for Buckets of USC Steam Turbine in China, In: Proceedings from the 5th Conference on Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants", Florida, pp. 402-411.
21. A. Harte, M. Atkinson, A. Smith, C. Drouven, S. Zaefferer. J.Q. Fonseca, M. Preuss. (2020). "The effect of solid solution and gamma prime on the deformation modes in Ni-based superalloys", Acta Materialia, vol. 194, pp. 257-275.
22. D.A. Porter, K.E. Easterling. (2009). "Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys", CRC press.
23. J.M. Hyzak, R.P. Singh, J.E. Morra. (1992). "The microstructural response of as-hip P/M U720 to thermomechanical processing in Superalloys", International Symposium on Superalloys, vol. 7, pp. 93-101.
24. R. Giraud, Z. Hervier, J. Cormier, G.S. Martin, F. Hamon, X. Milhet, J. Mendez. (2013). "Strain Effect on the γ′ Dissolution at High Temperatures of a Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloy", Metallurgical Transactions A, vol. 44, pp. 131-146.
25. F. Masoumi, M. Jahazi, J. Cormier, D. Shahriari. (2014). "Dissolution Kinetics and morphological Changes of γ' in AD730TM superalloy", Matec Web of Conferences, . vol. 14.
26. A. Rollett, F. Humphreys, G.S. Rohrer, M. Hatherly. (2004). "Recrystallization and related annealing phenomena", Elsevier.
27. H. J. Ryu, S. H. Hong, J. Weber, J. H. Tundermann. (1999). "Effect of Elastic Interaction Energy on Coarsening of γ′ Precipitates in a Mechanically Alloyed ODS Ni-Base Superalloy", Journal of Materials Science, vol. 34, pp. 329-336.
28. R. Sharghi-Moshatghin, S. Asgari. (2004). "The Effect of Thermal Exposure on the γ′ Characteristics in a Ni-Base Superalloy", Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 368, pp. 144-151.
29. A. Baldan. (2002). "Progress in Ostwald ripening theories and their applications to nickel-base superalloys Part I: Ostwald ripening theories", Journal of Materials Science, vol.37, pp. 2171- 2202.
30. M. Doi, T. Miyazaki and T. Wakatsuk. (1984). "The Effect of Elastic Interaction Energy on The Morphology of γ′ Precipitates in Nickel-Based Alloys", Journal of Material Sciences and Engineering, vol. 67, pp. 247-253.
31. M Mohammadpour, A. Momeni, . (2019). "Flow behavior and microstructural investigation of GTD 111 cast nickel base superalloy during hot pressure test", Journal of New Materials, vol. 8, pp. 167-178.
32. M. Doi. (1996). "Elasticity Effects on The Microstructure of Alloys Containing Coherent Precipitates", Progress in Materials Science, vol. 40, pp. 79-180.
33. M. Perez. (2008). "Implementation of classical nucleation and growth theories for precipitation", Acta Materialia, vol.59, pp. 2119-2132.
34. A. Baldan. (2002). "Progress in Ostwald ripening theories and their applications to the γ′-precipitates in nickel-base superalloys Part II Nickel-base superalloys", Journal of Material Sciences, vol.37, pp. 2379- 2405.
35. A. J. Ardell. (1968). "An Application of The Theory of Particle Coarsening: the γ′ Precipitate in Ni-Al Alloys", Acta Materialia, vol.16, pp. 511- 516.
36. N.E.B. Cowern, P.C. Zalm, P. van der Sluis, D.J. Gravesteijn, W.B. de Boer. (1994). "Diffusion in strained Si (Ge) ", Physical Review Letters, vol.72, pp. 16- 18.
37. P.K. Footner, B.P. Richards. (1982). "Long term growth of superalloy particles", Journal of Materials Science, vol 17, PP. 2141-2153.
38. R.J. White, G.A. Swallow, S.B. Fisher, K.M. (1975). "A resistometric study of ageing in nimonic alloys (II). 80a", vol 55, PP. 273-278.
39. O.T. Ola, O.A. Ojo, P. Wanjara, M.D. Chaturvedi. (2011). "Analysis of microstructural changes induced by linear friction welding in a nickel-based superalloy", Metallurgical Transactions A, vol.42, pp. 3761- 3777.
40. P. Kringhoj, A.N. Larsen, S.Y. Shirayev. (1996). "Diffusion of Sb in Strained and Relaxed Si and SiGe", Physical Review Letters, vol.76, pp. 3372–3375.
41. M. Onishi, H. Miura. (1977). "Effect of Compressive Stress on Reaction-Diffusion in the Cu–Si System", Transactions of the Japan Institute of Metals, vol.18, pp. 107- 112.
42. A.F. Forestieri, L.A. Girifalco. (1959). "The effect of plastic deformation on self-diffusion in silver", Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, vol.10, pp. 99- 105.
43. N. Mrozowski, G. Henaff, F. Hamon, A. Rouffie, J. Franchet, J. Cormier, P. Villechaise. (2020). "Aging of γ′ Precipitates at 750 °C in the Nickel-Based Superalloy AD730TM: A Thermally or Thermo-Mechanically Controlled Process", Metals, vol
