اثر سالیسیلیک اسید بر روی کاهش خسارت ناشی از ویروس X در سیب زمینی
محورهای موضوعی : دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهی
محمد رضا هادی
1
(استادیار، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران)
سید محمد رضا موسوی
2
(استادیار، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران)
کلید واژه: سیب زمینی, سالیسیلیک اسید, PVX,
چکیده مقاله :
در این تحقیقاثر سالیسیلیک اسید به منظور کاهش بیماری‌زایی ویروس X سیب زمینی (PVX) بر روی پارامتر‌های رشد از جمله میزان کلروفیل، سطح برگ، فاصله میانگره، تعداد برگ، طول ساقه، تعداد غده و وزن غده در دو رقم سیب زمینی (آگریا و مارفونا) در شرایط گلخانه‌ای بررسی گردید. گیاهچه‌هائی که عاری از عوامل بیماریزا بودند تکثیر شده و گیاهچه‌های رشد کرده به گلدان‌ها با خاک مناسب و استریل منتقل گردیدند. گیاهچه‌ها با غلظت‌های صفر (شاهد)، 2/0، 5/0، 1 و 2 میلی‌مولار سالیسیلیک اسید مورد تیمار قرار گرفتند. عصاره فعال برگ توتون رقم تامسون آلوده به PVX برای آلوده سازی گیاهان سیب زمینی به کار رفت. نتایج نشان داد که علائم آلودگی PVX بر روی برگ‌های گیاهان آلوده نسبت به گیاهان شاهد در دو رقم آگریا و مارفونا خیلی مشهود نبود ولی بر روی برگ گیاهان توتون آلوده با پیچش برگ آن شناخته می‌شد. میزان سالیسیلیک اسید درگیاهان آلوده تقریباً دو برابر گیاهان سالم بود. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که تیمار سالسیلیک اسید با غلظت 2/0 تا 5/0 میلی‌مولار باعث کاهش 25/27 درصد خسارات ناشی از PVX می‌گردد. علاوه براین به نظر می‌رسد که رقم مارفونا نسبت به رقم آگریا در برابر PVX مقاومت بیشتری دارد.
In this study, in order to reduce the pathogenesis of potato virus X (PVX) in two potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars (Marfona and Agria), the effects of salicylic acid on growth parameters (chlorophyll content, leaf area, distance between nodes, number of leaves, stem length, number and weight of tubers) were investigated under greenhouse conditions. Healthy potato plantlets were propagated and transferred to pots containing suitable and sterilized soil. The plantlets were sprayed with different concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM) of salicylic acid weekly at the rate of 10 ml per plant and for 4 weeks. The leaves of experimental plants were inoculated with PVX, extracted from infected tobacco leaves. Although viral infection symptoms on tobacco were manifested as leaf rippling, no such symptoms were visible on infected potato leaves. Results showed that salicylic acid content in infected plants was about twice that in healthy control plants. Also, treatments with 0.2 and 0.5 mM of salicylic acid resulted in 27.25% reduction in potato damage. Moreover, our study revealed that Marfona cultivar was more resistant to PVX than Agria cultivar.
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