پیشایندها و پیامدهای بخشش در دانشجویان دانشگاه کابل افغانستان

محورهای موضوعی : تکتونواستراتیگرافی

احسان الله احسان ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی. گروه روان شناسی. دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی.دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز. اهواز ایران)
کیومرث بشلیده ² (عضو هیات علمی. گروه روان شناسی. دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی. دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز. اهواز. ایران)
نسرین ارشدی ³ (گروه روانشناسی-دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی-دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران)
بهرام پیمان نیا ⁴ (گروه روان شناسی- دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی- دانشکاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/05/31 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/10/12 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/02/01

کلید واژه: عزت نفس, بخشش, توافق جویی, سلامت روانی- جسمی و خوش بینی,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده

بخشش به عنوان یک فضیلت اخلاقی می تواند در بهبود روابط و تعاملات اجتماعی نقش بارزی داشته باشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، آزمون شناسایی پیشایندهای و پیامدهای بخشش در دانشجویان دانشگاه کابل بود. نمونه‌ی پژوهش را، 300 نفر از دانشجویان تشکیل می دادند که به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. به منظور جمع آوری داده ها از پرسشنامه های بخشش (تامپسون، 2005)، توافق جویی (مک کری و کاستا، 1992)، عزت نفس (روزنبرگ، 1965)، انسجام خانواده (با الهام از مدل ترکیبی السون، 1999؛ رضویه و سامانی، 1379)، همدلی (EQ-8)، عقاید مذهبی (گلاک و استارک، 1965)، کیفیت زندگی (وار، کوسینسکی و کلر، 1996)، سلامت روانی- جسمی GHQ-12 (گلدبرگ و هیلیر ، 1979) و خوش بینی (شییر و کارور، 1994) استفاده شد. برای ارزیابی الگوی پیشنهادی از الگویابی معادلات ساختاری و آزمودن اثرهای واسطه ای از روش بوت استراپ نرم افزار AMOS 22 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که تمام ضرایب مسیرهای مستقیم بین متغیرهای پژوهش، بجز مسیرهای انسجام خانواده، عقاید مذهبی، توافق جویی و کیفیت زندگی از لحاظ آماری در سطح (p<0/05) معنی دار است. طبق نتایج پژوهش، رابطه غیر مستقیم عزت نفس با سلامت روانی- جسمی و خوش بینی، توافق جویی با سلامت روانی- جسمی و همدلی با سلامت روانی- جسمی و خوش بینی از طریق میانجی گری بخشش معنی دارد بود. یافته های پژوهش حاضر، چارچوب مفیدی را برای شناسایی عوامل تأثیرگذار در شروع بخشش و پیامدهای حاصل از آن فراهم می کند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract

Forgiveness is as a moral of virtue can play a significant role in improving relationships and social interactions. The purpose of this research was to identify the antecedents and consequences of forgiveness in students of Kabul University. The research sample consisted of 300 students who were randomly selected. Date collection tools were used questionnaires such as forgiveness (Thompson, 2005), agreeableness (McCree and Costa, 1992), self-esteem (Rosenberg, 1965), family cohesion (inspired by Elson's hybrid model, 1999; Razavieh and Samani, 1379), empathy (EQ-8), religious beliefs (Glock & Stark, 1965), quality of life (Ware, Kosinski, & Keller, 1996), psycho-physical health GHQ-12 (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979) and optimism (Scheier & Carver, 1994). Methods for analyzing the present study were structural equation modeling AMOS 22 software and using bootstrap method for mediation effects. The results of this study showed that all the coefficients of the direct paths between the research variables, except for the paths of family cohesion, religious beliefs, agreeableness and quality of life, are statistically significant at (p<0.05) level. According to the results of this research, the indirect relationship of self-esteem with mental-physical health and optimism, agreeableness with mental-physical health and empathy with mental-physical health and optimism by mediating of forgiveness were significant. The findings of the current research provide a useful framework for identifying the influencing factors in the initiation of forgiveness and its consequences.

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