اثر موسیقی درمانی بر پرخاشگری، علایم بیش فعالی و کمبود توجه در کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه بیش فعالی

محورهای موضوعی : تکتونواستراتیگرافی

سید ابراهیم حسینی ¹ (دانشیار، گروه آموزشی فیزیولوژی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/05/18 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/01/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/12/01

کلید واژه: کودکان, اختلال نقص توجه-بیش فعالی, موسیقی درمانی,

چکیده مقاله :

اختلال نقص توجه – بیش فعالی بیماری نسبتا شایعی در بین کودکان می باشد که با نشانه‌های پرخاشگری، بیش فعالی، اضطراب و کمبود توجه همراه می‌باشد. با توجه به اثرات جانبی داروهایی که برای درمان این اختلال استفاده می‌شود، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر موسیقی درمانی بر بهبود نشانه‌های این اختلال انجام گرفته است. این مطالعه نیمه تجربی در سال 1395 در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیراز بر روی 20 کودک ایرانی با اختلال نقص توجه – بیش فعالی انجام گرفت. در این بررسی که به روش پیش و پس آزمون انجام گرفت، کودکان به 2 گروه 10 نفره تجربی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. کودکان گروه تجربی به مدت 3 هفته تحت 20 جلسه 2 ساعته موسیقی درمانی با روش آموزشی ارف قرار گرفتند. داده‌های بدست آمده از سنجش دو آزمون آخن باخ و کانرز با استفاده از روش آماری تحلیل کوواریانس و با کمک نرم افزار SPSS-18 تحلیل شدند و اختلاف بین گروهها در سطح 05/0>P معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج بدست آمده از آنالیز داده‎ها بیان‌گر آن است که در این کودکان بیمار، موسیقی درمانی باعث کاهش پرخاشگری و بیش‌فعالی در سطح 01/0>P و افزایش توجه در سطح 001/0>P نسبت به گروه کنترل می‌شود. لذا موسیقی درمانی به احتمال زیاد، از راه اصلاح عملکرد مغز باعث بهبود نشانه‌های پرخاشگری، کمبود توجه و بیش فعالی در کودکان با اختلال نقص توجه - بیش فعالی شده است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background & Aims: Attention deficit - hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is relatively common among children is associated with symptoms of aggression, hyperactivity, anxiety, and attention deficit. Due to side-effects of the medications used to treat this disorder, this study aimed to investigate effects of music therapy on improvement of disorder symptoms has been made.
Materials &Methodes:This semi-experimental study at Islamic Azad University of Shiraz in 1395 on 20 Iranian children with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder - ADHD was conducted. The study which was performed by pre & post-test, children were divided into two groups of 10 experimental and control group. Children of experimental group were trained 20 sessions of 2 hours a day music therapy for 3 weeks in methods of Orff's. Data obtained from two tests of Aachen Bach and Connors using covariance method and with SPSS-18 software were analyzed and in all cases, significant difference between groups at P<0/05 was considered.
Results: The results of data analysis indicated that in children with attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder, music therapy causes to reduce aggression and hyperactivity at P<0/01 and increase the attention at P<0/001 than to the control group.
Conclusion: Music therapy likely by modifying brain function, has caused to improve symptoms of aggression, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in children with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder.

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