اثربخشی قصه درمانی بر کاهش پرخاشگری و افزایش مهارت‌های اجتماعی در کودکان پیش دبستانی
محورهای موضوعی : تکتونواستراتیگرافی
1 - کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی
2 - استادیار روان شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مرودشت
کلید واژه: پرخاشگری, مهارت‌های اجتماعی, قصه درمانی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از این پژوهش تبیین اثربخشی قصه درمانی بر کاهش پرخاشگری و افزایش مهارت‌های اجتماعی در کودکان پیش دبستانی بوده است. روش پژوهش، آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون- پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بوده که کودکانی که دارای بیش‌ترین نمره پرخاشگری و کم‌ترین نمره مهارت‌های اجتماعی بوده اند به صورت تصادفی انتخاب و در گروه های آزمایش و کنترل گمارش شدند. جامعه آماری در این پژوهش شامل همه کودکان پیش دبستان در مناطق 4 گانه آموزش و پرورش شهر شیراز در سال تحصیلی 95-96 می‌باشد. نمونه آماری از میان پیش دبستانی‌های شهرستان شیراز به صورت تصادفی –خوشه ای چند مرحله ای- انتخاب شد و سپس به صورت تصادفی 12 نفر در گروه آزمایش و 12 نفر در گروه کنترل گمارش شدند. گردآوری داده‌ها از راه پرسش نامه پرخاشگری شهیم و پرسش نامه مهارت‌های اجتماعی گرشام و الیوت صورت گرفت. پس از تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، نتایج آزمون نشان دادند که قصه درمانی در گروه آزمایش باعث کاهش پرخاشگری در 3 بعد پرخاشگری رابطه ای، واکنشی - کلامی و جسمانی شده است. در ابعاد متغیر مهارت‌های اجتماعی، نتایج آزمون، نشان دهنده اثربخشی قصه درمانی در افزایش مهارت‌های اجتماعی، همکاری، مسئولیت‌پذیری، جرات‌ورزی و خودکنترلی بود. در بعد همدلی، تفاوتی معنادار مشاهده نشد.
The purpose of this study was to explain the effects of narrative therapy on decreasing aggression and increasing social skills among pre-school children. The research design was pre-post test with control group. And this study was done by a random assignment and pre-test, post-test. The statistical population on this study includes all of the pre-schools students of Shiraz in 2007 academic year. The sample was chosen between all pre-schools in Shiraz. Totally 24 students including 12 girls and 12 boys were randomly chosen and 12th of them were randomly assigned in experimental and control group. Collecting data was done by Frank, M Gersham (1990), and Stephen N.Elliot, social skills questionnaire and Sima Shahim (2006) aggression questionnaire. The results show that narrative therapy on experimental group was the reason of reducing aggression and increasing social skills among pre-school students .So it can be concluded that the relationship between narrative therapy and the enhancement of social skills and reducing aggression is significant.
- Asgharzadeh Salmasi, V. & Poursharifi, H. (2011). Effects of narrative-therapy on enhancement of social adaptation among children with conduct disorder. Journal of education and examination. 14. 13.24
- Bahamin, M. & Kouroshnia, M (2017). Relationship between social skills and social adaptability due to loneliness feelings in adolescent. Journal of psychological models and methods. 3 (29). 253-268
- Behpazhouh, A. (2009). Counselling parents of aggressive children. Translation. Danjheh editor. Tehran.
- Beaudoin, M., Moersch, M., & Evare. B. (2016). The Effectiveness of Narrative Therapy With Children's Social and Emotional Skill Development: An Empirical Study of 813 Problem-Solving Stories. Journal of Systemic Therapies. 3. 42-59.
- Cheshmehalaii, M.A., FathAbadi, J. Tahmasian, K. & Dehghanfar, H. (2015). Effectiveness and comparison of teaching social skills to children and children and their mothers on reducing feeling alone and increasing being accepted by peers. Journal of psychological models and methods. 19. 61-80
- Cicchetti, D., Ganiban, J., & Barnet, O. (1990). Contributions form the study of High risk populations to the understanding of the development of emotion regulation. In K.Dodge & P.J. Garber (Eds), the development of emotion regulation NewYork: Cambridge University Press.
- Choi, I., Jang, M., & Lee, D., (2017). Development of narrative therapy group counselling program for prevention of adolescents smartphone addiction. Korean society for computer game.1. 11-23
- Ganji. M. (2014). Psychopathology. Translation. Savalan editor. Tehran
- Heydari, M. Bakhtiarpour, S. Makvandi, B. Naderi, F. Hafezi,F (2016). Effectiveness of teaching ‘Friends’ programme on anxiety on Shirazi children. Journal of psychological models and methods. 7 (24).23-38
- Hansson, L., Lexen, A., & Holmen, J. (2017). The effectiveness of narrative enhancement and cognitive therapy: a randomized controlled study of a self-stigma intervention. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatre Epideminol. 10
- Kangaslampi, S., Garoff, F., & Peltonen, K. (2015). Narrative exposure therapy for immigrant children traumatized by war: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of effectiveness and mechanisms of change. BMC Psychiatry. 15. 127
- MuhamadIsmael, E. (2002). Play-therapy for treating children with behavioural disorder. Ministry of Education. The organization of the education of exceptional children
- Nazarinejad, M. (2011). Aggression in social psychology. Translation. Roshd editor. Tehran
- Pariani, M. (2001). The creative art of story-telling. Translation. Roshd editor. Tehran
- Ruf, M., Schauer, M., Neuner, F., Catani, C., Schauer, E., & Elbert, T. (2015). Narrative exposure therapy for 7- to 16-year-olds: A randomized controlled trial with traumatized refugee children. Journal of traumatic stress. 23. 437–445
- Singer Jefferson, A., Singer Bruce, F., & Berry, M. (2013). A Meaning-Based Intervention for Addiction: Using Narrative Therapy and Mindfulness to Treat Alcohol Abuse. The Experience of Meaning in Life. 379-391.
- Shokrkon, H. (2008). Social psychology. Translation. Roshd editor. Tehran.
- Shahim, S. (2006). Obvious and relational aggression in preschool children. Journal of psychological studies. Volumes 1 and 2. 27-44
- Sanaatnegar, S. Hasan Abadi, H. & Agharinekah, M. (2012). Effectiveness of group narrative-therapy on reducing disappointment and loneliness of girls in orphanages. Seasonal journal of functional psychology. 4 (24). 7-23
- Seyedmohammadi, Y. (2015). Theories of personality. Translation. Ravan editor. Tehran
- Yusefi looyeh, M. & Matin, A (2006). Effects of narrative-therapy on strategies of learning disorders. Journal of exceptional children studies. 2. 603-622
- Yavandhasani, A. Farahbakhsh, K. & Shafieabadi, A (2014). Effectiveness of CBT and narrative-therapy on reducing behavioural disorders in adolescent. Clinical psychology studies. 1. 94-71
_||_