مؤلفه‌های تأثیرگذار بر پذیرش بیمه محصولات (مطالعه موردی: باغداران شهرستان گچساران)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی

محسن موسایی ¹ , طبیب الله اسلامی ²

1 - استادیار گروه مدیریت کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گچساران، گچساران، ایران
2 - فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گچساران، گچساران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/09/19 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/03/27 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/02/01

کلید واژه: پذیرش بیمه, بیمه محصولات کشاورزی, باغداران, شهرستان گچساران,

چکیده مقاله :

مقدمه و هدف: کشاورزی، ذاتاً فعالیتی پرخطر و همراه با ریسک می باشد و تولیدات کشاورزی همواره با مجموعه ای از خطرات مربوط به قیمت ها و خطرات زیست محیطی همراه  است.  بیمه محصولات کشاورزی زمینه لازم  را برای کاهش  این مخاطرات  ایجاد نموده و باعث تشویق  کشاورزان، باغداران و سایر بهره برداران در حوزه کشاورزی به کار و تولید می شود. بیمه ازجمله ابزارهای مؤثر در مدیریت ریسک در کشاورزی است و درواقع نوعی فناوری است که برای کاهش ریسک گریزی کشاورزان و درنتیجه افزایش کارایی آنها در استفاده بهینه از عوامل تولید ایجادشده است. هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی مؤلفه‌های تأثیرگذار بر پذیرش بیمه محصولات می‌باشد. مواد و روش ها: تحقیق از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی با رویکرد پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش را باغداران شهرستان گچساران تشکیل می‌دهند که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران تعداد 3۴0 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی پژوهش پرسشنامه بود که برای حصول روایی از پانل متخصصان و پایایی آن نیز با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرنباخ انجام شد و مقدار آن ۷۳/. محاسبه گردید. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد، عوامل اقتصادی با سطح معنی‌داری ۲۵۸/۰، عوامل اجتماعی با سطح معنی‌داری ۲۴۳/۰، عوامل انگیزشی با سطح معنی‌داری ۲۲۶/۰ و عوامل مرتبط با بیمه با سطح معنی‌داری ۲۲۱/۰ به ترتیب تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌داری بر پذیریش بیمه محصولات دارند. برمبنای نتایج عوامل اقتصادی بیشترین نقش را در پذیرش بیمه محصولات دارند، راهکارهایی از قبیل خرید تضمینی محصول، حذف واسطه‌ها، پرداخت سریع غرامت، تمرکز بر کشاورزان خطرپذیر، جهت پذیریش بیمه محصولات توسط کشاورزان پیشنهاد می‌شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Introduction and Purpose: Agriculture is inherently a high-risk activity, and agricultural production is always associated with a set of risks related to prices and environmental risks. Crop insurance contributes to reducing these risks and encouraging farmers, gardeners, and other operators in the field of agriculture to work and produce. Insurance is an effective tool in risk management in agriculture. It is actually a type of technology that was created to reduce the risk aversion of farmers and, as a result, increase their efficiency in the optimal use of production factors. The present research aims to identify the factors influencing the acceptance of crop insurance. Materials and Methods: In terms of purpose, the research is an applied and descriptive-analytical study conducted by the survey approach. The statistical population consisted of gardeners in Gachsaran County. The sample whose size was estimated at 340 gardeners using Cochran's formula was taken by the random sampling method. The main instrument was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was estimated at 0.73 by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Findings: The results showed that economic factors with a significance level of 0.258, social factors with a significance level of 0.243, motivational factors with a significance level of 0.226, and insurance-related factors with a significance level of 0.221 had a positive and significant effect on the acceptance of crop insurance. Based on the results, economic factors play the biggest role in the acceptance of crop insurance, so it is suggested to apply such solutions as guaranteed purchase of products, elimination of middlemen, quick payment of compensation, focus on risky farmers, and orientation of crop insurance with farmers.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Allahyari MS.  Pirmoradi AH. The importance of agricultural insurance in agricultural and national economy, Agricultural engineering monthly. 2011;  27: 34-30. (In Persian)

2. Barghi  H,  Barati Zadeh F,  Mohammadi R,  Nuri  R. Influential componentson the Tendency to Insurance of Agricultural and livestock Products in Rural Areas (Case study of Khomein City): Journal of Research and Rural Planning. 2017;  6(3): 19-33. (In Persian)

3. Barnett  BJ, Skees  JR, Hourigan JD. Examining participation in federal crop insurance, staff paper. 1990;  275, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Kentucky.

4. Basharandeh Solouti M, Tavakoli Dastjerdi N. Investigation of Socio-Economic Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Agricultural Products Insurance, Case Study of Rapeseed Farmers in Gulugah County. 2018; 9th National Conference on Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arvand 7th Higher Education Institute, Tehran.(In Persian)

5. Bonyadi T, Lashkarara F. Regression analysis of factors affecting rice insurance acceptance by rice farmers in Guilan province, Journal of Agricultural Extension and Education. 2008; 1(1): 41-31. (In Persian)

6. Carrer MJ, Silveira RLF, Vinholis MMB, Souza Filho HM. Determinants of agricultural insurance adoption: evidence from farmers in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, RAUSP Management Journal. 2020; 55(3).  https:// www .emerald. com/insight /25 31-0488.htm.

7. Darijani  A.  Effecting Factors on the Adoption insurance of Agricultural products and Provide a pattern of insurance sustainability and instability, Agricultural Economics, 2017;  11(2): 1-20.(In Persian)

8. Doldeli A. Investigating the Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Agricultural Products Insurance in Mazandaran Province, Case Study Gardeners of Sari County, The first international conference on management, economics, accounting and educational sciences. 2015; Sari. https://civilica.com /doc /445683 (In Persian)

9. Ehsan SM, Ali A,  kurian  JN. Toward a theory of Agricultural insurance, American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 1998; 69(3): 520-529.

10. Eling  M, Pradhan S, Schmit JT. The determinants of micro insurance demand, The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance Issues and Practice. 2014; 39(2): 224-263.

11. Enjolras G, Sentis P. The Main Determinants of Insurance Purchase: An Empirical Study on Crop Insurance Policies in France. International Congress. 2008, August 26-29, Ghent, Belgium 44395, European Association of Agricultural Economists. Retrieved from: http://ideas.repec.org/ p/lam/ wpaper / 08- 6.html/.

12. Fuladizadeh M, Barani, H, Abedi Sarostani, A, Mostafa Lo, H. Investigating socio-economic factors affecting the acceptance of livestock and pasture insurance (case study of Golestan province, Aqqla city). Pasture Science,2016; 7(1): 35-44. https://sid.ir/paper/257594/. (In Persian)

13. Gashtasbi N, Fatahi A, Fehresti  M. Feasibility of Designing the Pattern of Pistachio Income Insurance in Rafsanjan County, Agricultural Economics and Development. 2018; 26(104):135-152.

14. Hardaker  JB, Hurince  M,  Anderson GR. Croping with Rick in Agriculture. CAB Internayional, New York. 2004;  17-37.

15. Hayati D, Haffari F. Effective factors on willingness to panegrnate insurance: the case of panegranate Gowers in Natanz County. Journal of Rural Development Strategies. 2014;  1(1): 101-117. (In Per sian)

16. Hazarika  C, Yasmin S.  Adaptability of Crop Insurance as a Risk Mitigation Mechanism by the Farmers of Assam– An Analysis of Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (MNAIS), Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies. 2018; 5(1): 58-62.

17. Istalaji  A, Fathi Nia A,  Akrami Abarqawi, V. Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Agricultural Products Insurance Case Study of Pistachio Cultivation in Rural Areas of Abarkooh County, Agricultural Research in the Desert. 2017; 14 (1): 1-11. (In Persian)

18. Jakinda O, Luoch-Kosura W. Risk Management In Smallholder Cattle Farming: A Hypothetical Insurance Approach In Western Kenya. 2006; 26 International Association of Agricultural Economics Conference.

19. Karami A. A Study of Factors Affecting the Possibility of Accepting Wheat Crop Insurance in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Provinces, Agricultural Economics. 2010; 5(2): 232- 250. (In Persian)

20. Karbasi A, Ziaee S, Abdshahi A. Determining the effective factors on wheat insurance demand Comparison of classical and Bayesian econometric practices, Agricultural Economics. 2009; 4(2): 149 -163. (In Persian)

21. Leblois  A, Quirion P. Agricultural insurances based on meteorological indices: Realizations, Methods and Research Agenda, Meteorological application. 2010; 20(1): 1-9.

22. Mehdizadeh Raini  MJ,  Mohammadi  H, Dehbashi V. Identifying and ranking the factors affecting the development of sugar beet crop insurance among beet growers in Qazvin plain with emphasis on economic components. Beet sugar. 2019; 35 (2): 217- ​​231. (In Persian)

23.  Mohammad Rezaei  R, Mahjouri  K, Kavusi Kalashmi  M, Atai Salut K. Determining the effective factors on citrus gardeners' insurance demand in Babol city, Agricultural Economics Research. 2011; 3(4): 67- 81. (In Persian)

24. Mohammad MA, Ortman GF. Factor influencing Adoption of Livestock Insurance by Commercial - Dairy farmers in THREE ZOBATAT of ERITREA, Agrekon. 2005; 44(2).

25. Mirzaee A, Zibaee M. Determining the best option of pistachios supplemental insurance contract in the Rafsanjan, Use of random criteria, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research. 2015; 3(46): 569-577. (In Per si an)

26. Nikzadi Panah M, Azizi J, Zeraatkish SY. Investigation of efficient factors on the acceptance of supplementary insurance for agricultural products a Case study of farmers in Alborz province, Agricultural Economics Research. 2020;11 (2): 1- 22.

27. OECD – Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development, managing risk in agriculture: A holistic approach, Paris. 2008; OECD Publishing.

28. Sujarwo S, Novita Rukmi S M. Factors Affecting Agricultural Insurance Acceptability of Paddy Farmers in East Java, Indonesia, Journal of Management and Agribusiness. 2018;  15(2).

29. Teymouri  M, Isfahani  SMJ, Amraei  B,   Jamshidi AR. Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Rice Insurance in Ilam Province, Agricultural Extension and Education Research. 2014; 7(3): 1- 12. (In Persian)

30. Vandeveer  Monte  L A. Demand for area crop insurance among Litchi producers in northern Vietnam. Journal of Agricultural Economics. 2001;  26(2): 173-184.

31. Williams IR. Crop insurance and disaster assistance designs for wheat and grain sorghum, A. J. of Agri.Econ. 1999; 107-109.