مدیریت تولید پایدار ذرت دانه‌ای در ایران: رویکرد منافع اجتماعی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی
آذر شیخ زین الدین
1
(استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز)
فاطمه فتحی
2
(استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز)
کلید واژه: آب خاکستری, منافع اقتصادی, منافع اجتماعی, ذرت دانه‌ای,
چکیده مقاله :
ذرت به عنوان یکی از اساسی‌ترین فرآورده‌های زراعی، جایگاه و نقش استراتژیک مهمی در ایران دارد؛ به طوری که به عنوان یک محصول مهم در همه استان‌های ایران کشت می‌شود و کشاورزان از کشت آن کسب درآمد می‌کنند. اما این محصول نیاز به مصرف آب و کود بالایی دارد و همین امر منجر به آلودگی شدید آب‌های زیرزمینی می‌گردد و هزینه‌های گزافی را به محیط‌زیست وارد می‌نماید و کشت پایدار آن را به خطر می اندازد. بنابراین لازم است جایگاه هر استان با توجه به منافع اجتماعی حاصل از کشت ذرت مشخص گردد. از این‌رو، در این مطالعه ارزش کنونی منافع اقتصادی، هزینه‌های زیست‌محیطی و در نهایت منافع اجتماعی کشت ذرت‌دانه‌ای در استان‌های مختلف ایران طی دوره زمانی 1392-1379 محاسبه شد. به منظور محاسبه هزینه‌های زیست‌محیطی، آب خاکستری حاصل از کشت این محصول محاسبه شد. در نهایت منافع اجتماعی در استان‌های مختلف محاسبه و رتبه هر استان تعیین گردید. نتایج نشان داد که همه اس
maize as one of the most important crops has a significant strategic role in Iran, so it is cultivated as an important crop in all provinces of Iran and farmers earn profit from their cultivation. Therefore, in this study, economic benefits, environmental costs and, ultimately, social benefits of maize cultivation were calculated in different provinces of Iran. In order to calculate the environmental costs, the maize gray water was calculated. Results showed that all Iranian provinces have economic benefits, but by calculating the gray water and consequently the environmental cost, it was determined that the provinces of Mazandaran, Fars and North Khorasan have the highest environmental cost. This has led to social losses in some of these provinces. The results showed that the provinces of Kohkiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad, Qazvin and East Azarbaijan have the most social benefits in the cultivation of maize. However, the provinces of Khuzestan, Kermanshah and Fars, which have the most cultivated areas in different years, have lower social benefits, so that Kermanshah province has social losses.
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