ارزیابی تاثیر توسعه فناوری بلاکچین بر کارآفرینی صنایع غذایی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی

فؤاد عشقی ¹ (استادیار اقتصادکشاورزی-بازاریابی محصولات کشاوری-دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، ساری، ایران.)
سید مجتبی مجاوریان ² (دانشیار اقتصاد کشاورزی- بازاریابی محصولات کشاوری-دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، ساری، ایران.)
طاهره رنجبرملکشاه ³ (دکتری اقتصادکشاورزی-اقتصاد تولید و مدیریت واحدهای کشاوری-دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، ساری، ایران.)
سیده سمیرا کمال موسوی ⁴ (دانشجوی دکتری- بازاریابی محصولات کشاوری-دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، ساری، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/11/30 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/08/13 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/02/01

کلید واژه: ترس از شکست کارآفرینی, فناوری بلاکچین, شاخص‌های حاکمیتی, صنایع غذایی,

چکیده مقاله :

مقدمه و هدف: با توجه به این امر که کارآفرینی به­عنوان ابزاری برای رشد اقتصادی و نوآوری در تمام کشورها در نظر گرفته می­شود و برای رفاه جامعه امری ضروری می­باشد، لازم است عوامل اثرگذار بر آن شناسایی و درصدد بهبود شرایط موجود اقدام شود. از جمله عوامل اثرگذار که در دهه­های اخیر بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفته، اثر توسعه فناوری‌های جدید مانند بلاکچین می­باشد. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی رابطه بین متغیرهای به­رسمیت شناختن بلاکچین، سرمایه­گذاری در بلاکچین و شاخص­های حاکمیتی با شاخص ترس از شکست کارآفرینی می­باشد.
مواد و روش ها: در این مطالعه از روش داده­های پنل استفاده شد. داده­های مورد استفاده مربوط به کشورهای چین، هند، اندونزی، ایران، ژاپن، عربستان، کره جنوبی، امارت متحده عربی، تایلند و ترکیه، طی سال­های 2020-2010 می‌باشد. آمار و اطلاعات مورد نیاز از بانک جهانی و دیده­بان کارآفرینی جهانی جمع­آوری گردید. جهت برآورد الگو از نرم افزار Eviews استفاده شد.
یافته ها: مطابق  نتایج به­دست آمده، رابطه معنی­داری بین 5 شاخص حاکمیتی مشتمل بر شنیدن صدای صاحبان کسب و کار ، ثبات سیاسی، کیفیت نظارتی، حاکمیت قانون و کنترل فساد و همچنین دو متغیر به رسمیت شناختن و سرمایه­گذاری در بلاکچین با شاخص ترس از شکست وجود دارد.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: براین اساس می‌توان بیان نمود که کشورهای نمونه با توسعه و ایجاد زمینه لازم برای استفاده از فناوری بلاکچین می­توانند در جهت بهبود وضعیت کارآفرینی گام بردارند. همچنین نقش حکمرانی بر کارآفرینی نشان می­دهد که دولت­ها در این کشورها باید در جهت اصلاحات نهادی اقدام نمایند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Given that entrepreneurship is considered a tool for economic growth and innovation in all countries and is essential for the well-being of society, it is necessary to identify the factors affecting it and try to improve the current situation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the variables of blockchain recognition, investment in blockchain, and governance indicators with the Fear of Failure Rate of entrepreneurial failure. For this purpose, the panel data method was used. The data used are from China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, United Arab Emirates, Thailand, and Turkey during the years 2020-2010. According to the results, there is a significant relationship between including Voice and Accountability, Political Stability, Regulatory Quality, Control of Corruption, and Rule of Law, as well as two variables of recognition and investment in blockchain with the Fear of Failure Rate. Based on this, it can be stated that the sample countries can take steps to improve the entrepreneurial situation by developing the necessary conditions for the use of blockchain technology.

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