شناسایی راهبردهای مطلوب مدیریت صحیح منابع آب کشاورزی از دیدگاه بهره‌برداران خرده‌پا (مطالعه موردی دهستان درزآب، شهرستان مشهد)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی

مریم قاسمی ¹ (استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.)
لیدا علیزاده دولت‌آبادی ² (دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.)
حسین سهیلی فر ³ (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/10/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/09/26 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/05/01

کلید واژه: مدیریت استراتژیک, دهستان درزآب, منابع آب کشاورزی, بهره‌برداران خرده‌پا,

چکیده مقاله :

آب مهم‌ترین نهاده کشاورزی است. بر اساس داده‌های سازمان خوار و بار جهانی 89 درصد از کل تولیدات کشاورزی از اراضی فاریاب بوده و هم‌اکنون مهم‌ترین دلیل محدودیت افزایش سطح زیرکشت و بهبود وضعیت کشاورزی در کشور، آب است. لذا، کمبود منابع در دسترس و شکاف میان عرضه و تقاضای آب، دلیل اصلی توجه به ضرورت مدیریت منابع آب می باشد. از این­رو، این پژوهش در پی شناسایی راهبردهای مطلوب مدیریت منابع آب از دیدگاه کشاورزان خرده مالک می‌باشد. روش پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و از دو ابزار مدیریت استراتژیک SWOT-QSPM استفاده شد. واحد تحلیل 96 کشاورز خرده‌مالک در 10 روستای دهستان درزآب شهرستان مشهد در سال 1397 بوده که به روش نمونه­گیری گلوله برفی در تکمیل پرسش‌نامه مشارکت داشته­اند. بر اساس مطالعات اکتشافی، 7 نقطه قوت و فرصت به عنوان مزیت و 26 نقطه ضعف و تهدید به عنوان محدودیت پیش روی مدیریت منابع آب کشاورزان خرده مالک شناسایی شد. با توجه به امتیازهای بدست آمده از ماتریس عوامل داخلی(92/1=IFE) و عوامل خارجی(66/1=EFE)، بمنظور بهبود مدیریت منابع آب کشاورزی، راهبردهای تدافعی بهینه شناخته شد. هم‌چنین، در مدل QSPM در بین 7 استراتژی تدافعی ارائه شده، مهم‌ترین استراتژی «تدوین سیاست­های صحیح در راستای افزایش بهره­وری آب»، با امتیاز 43/3 پیشنهاد شد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The significant depletion of renewable water resources has shifted the focus of management approaches from supply management to demand management in most parts of the world. Accordingly, the present study seeks to identify the best strategies for proper management of water resources from the perspective of farmers at micro level. The research method was descriptive-analytical and two SWOT-QSPM strategic management tools were used. The unit of analysis was 96 smallholder farmers in 10 villages of Darzab rural district of Mashhad during the year 1977 who completed the questionnaire through snowball sampling. Based on exploratory studies, 7 strengths and opportunities were identified as advantages and 26 weaknesses and threats as constraints and bottlenecks facing water resources management of smallholder farmers. And, EFE = 1.66, optimal (minimum-minimum) defensive strategies were identified to improve water resource management. Among the 7 defense strategies presented in the QSPM model, the most important strategy was "formulating the right policies to increase water productivity" with a score of 3.43.

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