آزمون فرضیه زیست‌محیطی کوزنتس با تأکید بر نقش توسعه مالی و توسعه نهادی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی
سید محمد میرهاشمی دهنوی
1
(دکتری اقتصاد دانشگاه شیراز)
کلید واژه: توسعه مالی, فرضیه زیست محیطی کوزنتس, توسعه نهادی, تخریب محیط زیست, روش رگرسیونهای به ظاهر نامرتبط,
چکیده مقاله :
آلودگی محیط زیست با معرفی منحنی زیست محیطی کوزنتس مورد توجه محققان اقتصادی قرار گرفت و اخیرا بررسی اثر توسعه مالی و توسعه نهادی به عنوان متغیرهای اثرگذار بر آلودگی محیط زیست به این ادبیات اضافه شده است. در این مقاله به آزمون فرضیه زیست محیطی کوزنتس با تاکید بر نقش توسعه مالی و توسعه نهادی در چهار گروه کشورهای با درآمد بالا، کشورهای با درآمد متوسط رو به بالا، کشورهای با درآمد متوسط رو به پایین و کشورهای با درآمد پایین طی دوره زمانی 2002 تا 2015 پرداخته شده است. در این مطالعه به منظور بررسی همبستگی مقطعی در بین کشورهای هر گروه از آزمون پسران و فریز استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از برآورد به روش رگرسیونهای به ظاهر نامرتبط (SUR) در این تحقیق نشان داد که سیاست‌گذاران اقتصادی در ایران علاوه بر اینکه باید به دنبال بهبود نظام مالی و افزایش کارآمدی آن باشند، عوارض جانبی زیست محیطی را نیز مورد توجه قرار دهند. همچنین بهبود شاخص‌های توسعه نهادی در جهت بهبود کیفیت محیط زیست نیز باید مورد توجه سیاست‌گذاران قرار گیرد.
Environment and economics were introduced by the Environmental Kuznets' Curve (EKC). In recent years, the effect of financial and institutional development has been added to the literature as an influential variable on environmental pollution. The current study explored the effect of economic development, financial development and institutional quality on environmental destruction in high-income, upper-middle income, lower-middle income and low-income countries during the time period of 2002-2015. The results of SUR estimation showed that policymakers in Iran, must improve the financial system in addition to consider environmental impacts. On the other hand, the improvement of institutional development indicators should be taken into consideration by policymaker.
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