جایگاه «نشانه‌شناسی شهر ایرانی» در گردشگری در راستای آینده‌پژوهی برنامه‌ریزی شهری و توسعه پایدار
محورهای موضوعی :
فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
طاهره نصر
1
(دکترای تخصصی شهرسازی، استادیار گروه معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران)
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/11/29
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/11/29
تاریخ انتشار : 1395/11/01
کلید واژه:
توسعه پایدار,
آینده‌پژوهی,
گردشگری پایدار,
هویت کالبدی شهر ایرانی,
نشانه‌شناسی شهری,
چکیده مقاله :
انتخاب عنوان «سال جهانی گردشگری پایدار: ابزار توسعه» توسط مجمع عمومی سازمان ملل متّحد برای سال 2017 اهمیت توجه به میراث غنی تمدّن‌های گوناگون و ارزش‌های ذاتی فرهنگ‌های مختلف را بیان می‌دارد. بنابراین نقش گردشگری در رعایت ارزش‌های فرهنگ‌های مختلف کاملا آشکار می‌باشد. از سویی دیگر ساختار شهرها برآیند تفکرات و جها‌ن‌بینی ملل و تمدّن‌ها هستند. ساختار شهرهای ایرانی نیز دارای مشخصه‌هایی می‌باشد که هویت را در کالبد آنها شاخص نموده است. اگر چه در عصر حاضر شاخص‌های مادی و کمّی به عنوان وجه تمایز شهر و انواع مجتمع‌های زیستی دیگر به کار گرفته می‌شود، ولی از توجه به این نکتۀ اساسی نیز نباید غفلت کرد که در طول تاریخ ابعاد معنوی و فرهنگی و کیفی نیز در تعریف شهر، نقشی شایان توجه ایفا نموده است. در ساختار شهر، نشانه‌شناسی برای تحلیل هویت شهر بسیار قابل توجه می‌باشد. استفادة معنادار از نشانه‌هاست که در کانون اهمیت نشانه‌شناسی قرار دارد. هدف اصلی این نوشتار تبیین مفهوم گردشگری پایدار در شهر ایرانی به عنوان راهکاری برای توسعه پایدار می‌باشد. این تحقیق بر اساس نوع داده ها و متغیرها، تحقیقی کیفی است. روش تحقیق به صورت توصیفی- تحلیلی و جمع‌آوری اطلاعات به صورت میدانی- اسنادی می‌باشد. متغیر مستقل تحقیق با توجه به موضوع پژوهش، گردشگری پایدار و متغیر وابسته نیز ادراک محیطی است. در این راستا توجه به مفهوم نشانه‌شناسی شهری و به تبع آن توجه به مؤلفه‌های هویت کالبدی شهر به عنوان ابزاری برای توسعه گردشگری پایدار در نظر گرفته شده‌است. در مرحله بعد ضمن تحلیل مطالعات صورت گرفته به ارائه مدل پیشنهادی در راستای توجه به گردشگری پایدار با استفاده از ابزار پیشنهادی (نشانه‌شناسی) پرداخته می‌شود. نتایج حاصل حاکی از این است که می‌توان با بازنمایی مؤلفه‌های هویت کالبدی شهرها و توجه به نشانه‌شناسی شهری در راستای گردشگری پایدار که یکی از اهداف توسعه پایدار می‌باشد گام برداشت.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Nominating 2017 as “InternationalYear of Sustainable Tourism for Development” by the United Nations General Assembly shows the significance of paying more attention to the rich heritage of various civilizations and intrinsic values of different cultures. So, the role of tourism in observing the values of different cultures is evident. On the other hand, urban structures are the outcome of different civilizations and nations’ thoughts and ideologies. The structure of Iranian cities is characterized by features that make identity in their physical architecture. Although in the modern age materialistic, quantitative indicators are used to distinguish cities and other types of residential complexes. It should not be disregarded that during the history spiritual, cultural, qualitative factors have played a significant role in defining cities. In the urban structure, semiotics is used frequently to analyze the urban identity. The meaningful use of signs and symbols focuses out attention on semiotics.
The main objective of this paper is to explain the concept of sustainable tourism in Iran as a strategy for sustainable development. Therefore, this study is a qualitative research in terms of data and used variables. In addition, a descriptive-analytical method was used to investigate the relationship between the research variables. The data were collected through documents and field studies. The independent variable was sustainable tourism and environmental perception was used as the dependent variable. Furthermore, urban semiotics and urban physical identity were considered as a tool for sustainable tourism development. Then the literature in the field was reviewed to develop a model based on sustainable tourism using the proposed tool (semiotics). The results of the study suggested that sustainable tourism development can be realized by reproducing components of physical identity of cities and using urban semiotics.
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