واکاوی عوامل موثر بر تغییرکاربری اراضی کشاورزی و تبدیل آن به باغ و ویلا مطالعه موردی: روستای سیرچ در شهرستان کرمان

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

سید امیر محمد علوی زاده ¹ (عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه پیام نور)
علی ایزدی ² (دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/03/04 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/07/04 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/05/01

کلید واژه: تغییر کاربری, اراضی کشاورزی, باغ ویلا, روستای سیرچ,

چکیده مقاله :

امروزه با توجه به شرایط، دست اندازی به اراضی بکر و دست نخورده روستاها، بالأخص روستاهای ییلاقی خوش آب و هوا و مستعد در اطراف شهرهای بزرگ و کلان شهرها امری فراگیر است. این موضوع وقتی بحرانی تر می‌شود که ویلاسازی وخانه های ییلاقی شکلی مدگونه و به تبعیت از مد روز به خود می گیرد؛در این پژوهش، روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی بوده است و با فرمول کوکران97 خانوار در سطح محدوده مورد مطالعه، حجم نمونه تعیین گردید. داده‌ها بخشی، براساس مطالعات میدانی: پرسشنامه، مشاهده: شاخص‌های انتخابی و محقق ساخته و بخشی دیگر با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای جمع آوری شده است. روایی پرسشنامه ها توسط متخصصین مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. ضریب روایی پرسشنامه نیز برابر با 90/0 بدست آمده است. در این میان، برای رتبه بندی شاخص‌های مورد مطالعه، از نظر میزان اثر گذاری عوامل موثر بر تغییرکابری اراضی کشاورزی از مدل(ANP) و برای تجزیه و تحلیل سوالات تحقیق، از نرم افزار SPSS استفاده شده است. یافته‌های تحقیق موید آن است که در روستای ییلاقی سیرچ به طور متوسط 54 و 20 درصد از ساکنین معتقد هستند که اثر عامل اقتصادی را بر تغییرکاربری اراضی کشاورزی، متوسط و زیاد ارزیابی کرده‌اند. از این رو ثروت طلبی بهره‌برداران، درآمد طلبی روستاییان، ضعف بنیه مالی روستاییان(کشاورزان)، کم ارزش بودن زمین روستایی نسبت به شهر، افزایش هزینه‌ای زندگی روستایی، رواج مشاغل کاذب و درآمد مطلوب برخی از آنها(گرایش به سمت قاچاق و ...) از نظر ساکنین کاملا ملموس است. برای بررسی ارتباط بین عوامل موثر بر تغییر کاربری در خانوارهای روستایی در محدوده مورد مطالعه و تبدیل آن به باغ ویلا ، از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون(Pearson) استفاده‌شده است. نتایج تحقیق مؤید آن است که بین این دو متغیر رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. عوامل موثر در تغییر کابری اراضی کشاورزی در خانوارهای روستایی و تبدیل آن به باغ ویلا 572/0 می‌باشد که با توجه به مقادیر حاصل، با سطح اطمینان 99 درصد می‌توان گفت که بین این دو متغیر، ارتباط مستقیم و معنادار با همبستگی متوسط برقرار می‌باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Nowadays, encroaching on the virtually pristine and untouched lands of the villages, especially the pleasant summer-quarter villages surrounding the big cities and metropolises, is pervasive. This becomes even more critical when villa construction and summer-quarters houses are modernized; as a result, land brokers seize the opportunity and exploit the economic vulnerability of the villages. Therefore, susceptible villages are targeted and encroached. This paper aims to analyze the factors affecting the agricultural land use change to villa gardens in the Sirch village in Kerman City, Iran. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. Random sampling method was used and the sample size was determined by Cochran's formula as 97 households in the under-study area. The first part of data were collected from field studies, questionnaire, observation, selected and researcher-developed indicators and the second part were collected using library studies. The validity of the questionnaires was examined by experts and the validity coefficient was 0.90. Meanwhile, ANP was used to rank the studied indicators in terms of the effect of factors affecting agricultural land use change and SPSS was used to analyze research questions. The results showed that an average of 54% and 20% of Sirch residents considered the effect of the economic factor on land use change as medium and high. Thus, opportunists' policy, rural people's need for diversifying their income, farmer's financial needs, the low value of the rural land compared to those in the urban areas, the increase in the cost of rural life, the prevalence of false jobs and the desirable income of some of them (such as smuggling) is quite tangible to residents. The Pearson correlation test was employed to investigate the relationship between the factors affecting land use change to the villa garden. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between these two variables. Factors affecting the agricultural land use change to the garden villa was 0.572, indicating direct and significant relationship between these two variables with moderate correlation with 99% confidence level.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Amini, S., Rahmani, B., Majidi Khamenei, B.(2017).Economic Consequences of Land Use Change in Suburban Villages (Case Study: the Jey Rural district in Isfahan County, Space Economy and Rural Development Quarterly, volume6, No. 2 (serial 20), pp.17-40.


2. , M., Mousavi, A., Jafari, R.(2013). Study of the Economic Effects of Land Use Change/Land Cover through Remote Sensing Methods and Survey Studies in the South of Isfahan, M.Sc. thesis in Natural Resources-Oasification, Isfahan University of Technology. Engineering.


3. Barati, A.A., Asadi, A., Kalantari, K., Azadi, H., Mamourian,M.(2014). Analysis of the Effects of Agricultural Land Use Change from the Perspective of Experts in the Agricultural Land Affairs Organization in Iran, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, volume 45, No. 4, pp. 639-650.


4. Barati, A.A., Asadi, A., Kalantari, K., Azadi,H.(2016). Designing Structural and Integrated Equations for Causes and Effects of Agricultural Land Use Change in Iran Based on the Viewpoints of Experts of the Land Affairs Organization, the Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, volume 12, No. 1, pp21-37.


5. Beinat, E., Nijkamp, P. (1997).Land use planning and sustainable development,Research Memorandum", Vrije University, Amsterdam.


6. Briassoulis, H.(2000). Factors Influencing Land-use and Land-cover change, Land use, Land cover and soil sciences-Vol1, eolss.net/sample-chapters/c19/E1-05-01-03.pdf.


7. Caldas, M., Simmons, C., Walker, R., Perz, S., Aldrich, S., Pereira, R., Leite, F. and Arima,E. (2010).Settlement Formation and Land Cover and Land Use Change: A Case Study in theBrazilian Amazon. Journal of America Latin Geography, 9(1), 125-144.


8. Clark, A. S.(2010). The Political Institutional Determinants of Land use Change andSprawl:AConceptualModel, Theoretical and Empirical Researches in UrbanManagement, Lindenwood University, Institute for Study of Economics and the EnvironmentNumber 7(16) / August, United States of America,No:5-18.


9. Geist, H. J. and Lambin, E. F. (2002). Proximate Causes and Underlying Driving Forces of Tropical Deforestation. BIOSCIENCE, 52(2), 143-150.


10. Gholami, , Habibnejad , M., Nouripour, M.(2015). Investigating the Impact of Population Increase on Land Use Change (Case Study: Watershed of Noor County), Journal of Natural ecosystems of Iran, volume 9, No. 1, pp. 37-56.


11. Hall, C. M., & Muller, D. K. (Eds.). (2004). Tourism, mobility, and second homes: between elite landscape and common ground (Vol. 24). Channel View Publications.


12. Henry, S., Boyle, P., & Lambin, E. F. (2003). Modelling inter-provincial migration in Burkina Faso, West Africa: the role of socio-demographic and environmental factors. Applied Geography, 12(1), 224-225


13. Hoshino, S. (2001). Multilevel modeling on farmland distribution in Japan. Land Use Policy 18(1):75-90.


14. H. G & Geoghegan,J .(2001). Theory, data, methods: developing spatially explicit economic models of land use change, Agriculture, Ecosystems andEnvironment 85, 7-23.


15. Jujie, W .(2008). Land Use Changes: Economic, Social, and Environmental Impacts, Themagazine of food, farm, and resource issues, Scientific Journal (JRNL), Choices. 23(4): 6-10.


16. Kalali Moghaddam,Z.(2015).Investigating the Factors Influencing Agricultural Land Use Change (Case Study: Rural areas of Rasht County), Journal Rural Research and Planning, volume 4, No. 9, pp. 113-132.


17. Karbasi, A., Yazdankhah, B., Mohammadzadeh, H.(2018). Study of the Factors Influencing Agricultural Land Use Change in Khorasan Razavi Province, Journal of Environmental Studies, volume 44, No. 1, pp. 99-111.


18. Khakpour, B.(2007).Pattern of Land Use Change in the City of Babol during 1983-1999, the Journal Geography and Regional Development, volume 5, No. 9, pp. 45-64.


19. Longley, P. A & Mesev, V, (2000),"On the measurement and generalization of urban form Environment and Planning ", Tourism Management. No. 32, pp. 473 – 488.


20. Lopez, E., Boco, G., Menduza, M., Valezquez, A. and Aguirre Rivera, J. R. (2006). Peasant emigration and land-use change at the watershed level: A GIS-based approach in Central Mexico, https://www.infona.pl/resource/bwmeta1.element.elsevier-9d6609af-e585-3dbe-ae93- bb01c896ca14.


21. Mao, X., Meng, J., & Wang, Qi. (2014). Modeling the effects of tourism and land regulation on land-use change in tourist regions: A case study of the Lijiang River Basin in Guilin. China, Land Use Policy, 41, 368–377.


22. Mehrabi , A.A., Mohammadi, M., Mohseni Saravi, M., Jafari, M., Ghorbani, M.(2013). Investigation of Human Motivating Forces Affecting Land Use Changes (Case study: Seyed Mahallah and Darasara Villages, Tonekabon, the Journal Rangeland and Watershed Management (Iranian Natural Resources), volume 66, No. 2, pp. 307-320.


23. Meyer, WB, Turner, BL & Eds (1994) Change in land use and land cover: A globalperspesctive, New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 537 pp., Foundation (UN and the WorldBank)


24. Moser, S.C. (1996). "A Partial Instructional Module on Global and Regional Land Use/Cover Change: Assessing the Data and Searching for General Relationships."Geojournal 39(3): 241-283.


25. Motiei Langroudi, H., Rezvani, M.R.,  Katib Azgami, Z.(2012).  Investigating the Economic Impact of Agricultural Land Use Change in Rural Areas (Case Study: Licharaki Rural District), the Journal Rural Research and Planning, volume 1, No. 1, pp. 1-23.


26. Mousavi, M., Yazdani Chaharborj, R.(2013).Land Use Suitability Analysis for the Development of Tabriz using the AHP-OWA Model, the Journal Geographical Research on Urban Planning, volume 3, No. 3, pp. 361-381.


27. Nwokoro, I. I. C., & Dekolo, S. O. (2012). Land use change and environmental sustainability: The case of Lagos Metropolis. The Sustainable City VII: Urban Regeneration and Sustainability, 2, 246-256.


28. Ricardo Grau, H, T. Mitchell Aide, Jess K. Zimmerman, John R. Thomlison, Eileen Helmer,and Xioming Zou(2003) The Ecological Consequencesof Socioeconomic and Land-UseChanges inPostagriculturePuerto Rico, December, Vol. 53 No. 12:( 1159-1168),American Institute of Biological Sciences.


29. Saadi, H., Avatefi Akmal,F.(2018). Factors Influencing Land Use Change in Rural Areas of Hamadan County, the Quarterly Space Economy and Rural Development, volume 7, No. 2 (serial 24), pp. 211-226.


30. Shayestehmand,M., Hayati, B., Haghjoo,M.(2019). Factors Affecting Land Use Change in Tabriz, the Journal Agricultural Knowledge and Sustainable Production, volume 29, No. 1, pp. 237-249.


31. Su Changhong, Fu Bojie, Lu Yihe, Lu Nan, Zeng Yuan, He Anna, Lamparski Halina, 2011, Land use Change and Anthropogenic Driving Forces: A case study in Yanhe River Basin, Chinese Geographical Science, 21(5), PP. 587–599.


32. Suwanwerakamtorn, R., Chanthaluecha, C. (2012). Correlation analysis of factors influencing changes in land use in the lower Songkhram river basin, the Northeast of Thailand. The 33th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, Pattaya, Thailand.


33. Taghiloo, A. A. (2005). Analysis of Land-Use Suitability in the Metropolitan County Urmia in Line with Spatial Planning, the Quarterly Space Economy and Rural Development, volume 5, No. 2, pp.56-73.