بررسی عوامل جامعه شناختی موثر بر توسعه پایدار شهری در منطقه پارس جنوبی با تاکید بر مخاطرات زیست محیطی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مریم معصومی جهتلو ¹ , غلامرضا جعفری نیا ² , حبیب پاسالارزاده ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری جامعه شناسی،واحد بوشهر،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،بوشهر،ایران
2 - استادیار گروه جامعه شناسی، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه جامعه شناسی، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر،ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/02/07 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/03/28 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/05/01

کلید واژه: مشارکت, اعتماد, توسعه پایدار, محیط زیست, زیست محیطی,

چکیده مقاله :

       اصولاً بحث توسعه پایدار در جامعه شناسی پدیده‌ای فراگیر و حتی تبدیل به دغدغه اصلی در حوزه جامعه شناسی شده است. در این میان شهرها با توجه به روند سکناگزینی و گسترش خود و همچنین بالا بودن تعداد جمعیت و فعالیت در این کانون های سکونتگاهی که به خودی خود تراکم و تجمع موجب ایجاد مسائل محیطی و اجتماعی و حتی صدمات به محیط زیست در جهت کسب منافع شهروندان می گردد، دارای اهمیت خاصی است. حال اگر شهر صنعتی و با تکیه بر بنیان های پتروشیمی باشد، مشکل حاد می گردد. هدف این پژوهش بررسی عوامل جامعه شناختی مؤثر بر فرایند توسعه پایدار شهری در منطقه پارس جنوبی در استان بوشهر باتاکید بر مخاطرات زیست محیطی می باشد. این پژوهش، از نوع مقطعی و همبستگی بوده است و جامعه آماری آن را کلیه شهروندان بالای 18 سال منطقه شهری پارس جنوبی تشکیل داده اند. تعداد نمونه براساس جدول مورگان انتخاب و از تعداد 397 پرسشنامه صحیح، برای تحلیل نهایی استفاده شد که روش نمونه گیری نیز به صورت تصادفی بود. ابزار اندازه گیری در این پژوهش نیز پرسشنامه بود. برای تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار آماری SPSS 22 و Smart PLS 2 استفاده شده است. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که متغیرهای فردی نقش تعدیلگر را در رابطه بین ابعاد توسعه پایدارو رفتارهای زیست محیطی ارتباط مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد، همچنین نتایج نشان داد که ارتباط بین ابعاد توسعه پایدار یعنی آموزش رسانه ای، اعتماد اجتماعی، مشارکت اجتماعی و رفتارهای زیست محیطی با ضریب اطمینان 95/0 ارتباطی مثبت و معنادار است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In principle, the discussion of sustainable development in sociology has become a pervasive phenomenon and has even become a major concern in the field of sociology. In the meantime, cities, due to the process of self-selection and expansion, as well as the high number of population and activity in these residential centers, which in itself causes environmental and social problems and even environmental damage in order to gain the interests of citizens. Be, is of particular importance. Now, if the city is industrial and based on petrochemicals, the problem will be acute. The purpose of this study is to investigate the sociological factors affecting the process of sustainable urban development in the South Pars region in Bushehr province with emphasis on environmental hazards. This study was cross-sectional and correlational, and its statistical population consisted of all citizens over 18 years of age in the urban area of ​​South Pars. The number of samples was selected based on Morgan's table and 397 correct questionnaires were used for the final analysis, and the sampling method was random. The measurement tool in this study was also a questionnaire. SPSS 22 and Smart PLS 2 statistical software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that individual variables have a moderating role in the relationship between sustainable development dimensions and environmental behaviors. There are also positive and significant relationships. An environment with a reliability coefficient of 0.95 is a positive and significant relationship.
Keywords: Sustainable Development, Environment, Trust, Participation, Environment, South Pars.
Introduction
Sustainable urban and regional development as a spatial concept can be defined as changes in land use and density levels, to meet the needs of urban residents in the areas of housing, transportation, leisure and food, and so on. Such developments will be sustainable when, over time, a city is environmentally sustainable and habitable (clean air, safe drinking water, land and surface water and groundwater without pollution, etc.), economically sustainable (urban economics should be able to Technical and industrial changes should be coordinated to maintain the basic jobs and provide adequate and affordable housing for its residents with a fair per capita tax burden. Sociologically related (land use patterns are social solidarity and a sense of citizenship where one can earn a fair income, provide adequate shelter, and devote one's time and effort to protecting the image of the city. Building a strong urban and urban economy Environmental life must work together to preserve existing social groups and to provide new forms of urban governance and control so that they can maintain social cohesion and cohesion. More than two decades have passed since the development of the South Pars Development Plan. It takes place in Assaluyeh, so it can be evaluated from different aspects. The entry of industry into this region has had different consequences that can be recognized in different dimensions. Is. Therefore, the effects that have occurred have caused the traditional life and society to be pushed to the margins along with the comprehensive entry of industry and modernity and become more defeated day by day. In fact, the great defeat of industry in the Assaluyeh region is sustainable development, which has been at the forefront of development issues for nearly two decades, and most countries in the world consider themselves obliged to create it. On the other hand, this unbalanced development has caused serious damage to the surrounding environment, and this unsustainable environment has caused many environmental problems. The overall purpose of this study is to investigate the sociological factors affecting the sustainable urban development of Assaluyeh city (South Pars region) with emphasis on environmental hazards. For this purpose, the following hypotheses are proposed:
There is a moderating role between environmental behaviors and sustainable urban development in Assaluyeh region and individual variables.
• There is a significant relationship between media education and sustainable development of South Pars urban area.
• There is a relationship between social trust and sustainable urban development in the South Pars region.
• There is a relationship between social participation and sustainable development.
Methodology:
From the perspective of the target, the present study is of applied type and descriptive research is of survey type and within the framework of theoretical principles. According to the 1397 population and housing census, their number is 15,357. In this study, the Cochran's formula has been used to determine the appropriate number of sample individuals, which represents the statistical population. According to calculations, our sample size is 397 people. The sampling method is simple random. After examining the fit of the measurement models, the structural model and the general model, in accordance with the data analysis algorithm in the PLS method, we then examine and test our research hypotheses and finally explain the research findings.
research findings:      
After examining the fit of the measurement models, the structural model, and the general model, according to the analytics algorithm in the PLS method, the researcher is allowed to examine and test his research hypotheses and reach the research findings. This section consists of two parts: 1) Examining the significant coefficients of Z; The coefficients above 1.96 indicate that the effect of one variable on the other variable is significant at the 95% confidence level and confirms the hypothesis. 2) Examining the standardized coefficients of the operating loads related to the paths of each hypothesis.
The results of the analyzes for the moderating role of this hypothesis show a path coefficient of 0.163 and a statistical t of 2.938 (greater than 1.96) and an effect intensity of 0.05, so with 95% confidence it can be said that individual variables play a moderating role. Assaluyeh is responsible for the relationship between environmental behavior and sustainable urban development, so the above hypothesis is confirmed.
The results of the analysis for the third hypothesis show a path coefficient of 0.405 and a statistical t of 32.717 (greater than 1.96), so with 0.95 confidence it can be said that there is a significant relationship between social trust and sustainable urban development of Assaluyeh. And the type of this relationship is direct and positive. Therefore, the above hypothesis is confirmed.
The results of the analysis for the fourth hypothesis show the path coefficient of 0.288 and the statistical t of 20.861 (more than 1.96), so with 0.95 confidence it can be said that there is a significant relationship between social participation and sustainable development of Assaluyeh. And the type of communication is direct and positive. Therefore, the above hypothesis is confirmed.
Conclusion
The significance coefficient and the path coefficient obtained for the hypothesis between media education and sustainable development of Assaluyeh city show that it is confirmed. Therefore, the more media literacy of people in Assaluyeh, the more environmental risks are understood. Social, and one of the main dimensions of social capital, shows the potential readiness of citizens to cooperate and interact with each other, as well as their readiness to engage in social activities. The significance coefficient and the coefficient of the path obtained for the hypothesis between the social trust and the sustainable urban development of Assaluyeh show its confirmation. Therefore, the discussion of social trust, which is one of the main dimensions of social capital and has an impact on sustainable development and has a direct relationship, means that the higher the social trust in a society, the higher the environmental behaviors that arise from them. Also, social participation is the active participation of human beings in political, economic and cultural life and in general all aspects of life. The significance coefficient and the path coefficient obtained for this hypothesis indicate its confirmation. Therefore, the higher the social participation of individuals, the more it affects their environmental behaviors. In other words, there is a direct relationship between social participation and environmental behavior. The higher a person's social participation, the greater their environmental behavior.

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