شناسایی هسته‌های عملکردی در شهرهای با رشد بی‌رویه (مطالعه موردی: شهر اهواز)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

محمود آروین ¹ , احمد پوراحمد ² , کرامت اله زیاری ³ , سعید زنگنه ⁴

1 - دانش آموخته ی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
2 - استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 - استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
4 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/05/11 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/06/01 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/05/01

کلید واژه: ساختار فضایی, اهواز, هسته عملکردی, کاربری سفرزا, تک‌هسته‌ای,

چکیده مقاله :

ساختار فضایی شهر، تأثیر مهمی بر کارایی اقتصادی و کیفیت محیط شهری دارد. ساختار فضایی ناکارآمد، با افزایش غیرضروری فاصله بین مردم و مکان فعالیت آن‌ها، افزایش طول شبکه زیرساخت شهر، هزینه عملیاتی و جابجایی‌های درون‌شهری را به حداکثر می‌رساند. تحلیل ساختار فضایی شهر برای درک بهتر گسترش شهری مهم است و اطلاعات موردنیاز ارزیابی اثربخشی طرح‌های برنامه‌ریزی را برای مدیران عمومی و برنامه ریزان شهری فراهم می‌کند. هدف پژوهش تحلیل ساختار فضایی شهر اهواز و شناسایی هسته‌های عملکردی می‌باشد. تحقیق از نظر هدف، کاربردی از نظر ماهیت، توصیفی است. روش گردآوری داده‌ها، کتابخانه‌ای و اسنادی است. داده‌ها شامل بلوک‌های آماری سال 1395 و لایه کاربری اراضی شهر اهواز می‌باشند. از تراکم کرنل، آزمون خودهمبستگی فضایی، میانگین مرکزی برای شناسایی هسته‌های عملکردی استفاده شده است. روش لکه‌های داغ و سرد و آزمون خودهمبستگی فضایی برای تحلیل پراکنش جمعیت و اشتغال به کار گرفته شد. برای بررسی ارتباط هسته‌های عملکردی با جمعیت و اشتغال از همبستگی پیرسون در نرم‌افزار spss و برای مدل‌سازی ارتباط فضایی از رگرسیون وزنی جغرافیایی استفاده شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که پراکنش جمعیت و اشتغال به‌صورت خوشه‌ای می‌باشد. در بخش‌های مرکزی و حاشیه‌ای تراکم جمعیت و اشتغال پایین است و در بخش‌های میانی تراکم بالا است. از نظر نسبت کاربری‌های جاذب سفر منطقه یک (محلات باغ معین، سی متری، بازار عبدالمجید، باغ شیخ، صائبین مندایی) بالاترین تمرکز را دارند و هسته اصلی شهر می‌باشند و محلات لشکرآباد، کمپلو جنوبی، زیتون کارمندی هسته‌های فرعی هستند. همچنین همبستگی فضایی بین هسته‌های عملکردی و تراکم جمعیت نسبتاً پایین می‌باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The spatial structure of the city has an important effect on economic efficiency and the quality of the urban environment. Inefficient spatial structure, by unnecessarily increasing the distance between people and their place of activity increase the length of the city's infrastructure network maximizes operating costs and intra-city travel. Analysis of the spatial structure of the city is important for a better understanding of urban development and provides the information needed to evaluate the effectiveness of planning plans for general managers and urban planners. The purpose of this research is to analyze the spatial structure of Ahvaz city and identify functional cores. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method. The method of data collection is library and documentary. The data include statistical blocks of 2016 and land use layer of Ahvaz city. Kernel density, spatial autocorrelation test, and central mean were used to identify functional cores. . Hot Spot Analysis and spatial autocorrelation test were used to analyze population distribution and employment. Pearson correlation was used in SPSS software to investigate the relationship between functional cores and population and employment and geographic weight regression was used to model the spatial relationship. The research results show that the distribution of population and employment is clustered. In the central and marginal areas, population density and employment are low, and in the middle areas, the density is high. In terms of the proportion of attractive tourist uses in region one (Bagh Moin, Ci metri, Abdolmajid Bazaar, Sheikh Bagh, Saebin Mandai neighborhoods) have the highest concentration and are the main core of the city and Lashkarabad, Kemplo Jenobi and Zetoon karmandi neighborhoods are sub-cores. Also, the spatial correlation between functional core and population density is relatively low.

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