تحلیل و ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی شهری با رویکرد شهر سالم (مطالعه موردی: شهر کرمان)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

محمد رحیمی ¹ (استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران)
فاطمه پازند ² (کارشناس ارشد شهرسازی، واحد کرمان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/05/16 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/01/31 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/01/01

کلید واژه: توسعه پایدار, کرمان, شهر سالم, شاخص‌های شهر سالم,

چکیده مقاله :

      با رشد و توسعه شهرنشینی در جوامع در حال توسعه، مشکلات شهرنشینی از قبیل تخریب محیط زیست، آلودگی، کمبود مسکن، کیفیت زندگی و... شرایط دشواری را برای ساکنان شهرها فراهم ‌آورده و سلامت عمومی که از مهم­ترین شاخص‌های کیفیت‌های زندگی شهری می‌باشد، به میزان قابل توجهی کاهش یافته است. برنامه‌ریزان شهری برای رفع این معضلات در جوامع شهری رویکرد شهر سالم را در راستای تحقق توسعه پایدار شهری مطرح کرده‌اند، تا از آن طریق وضعیت مطلوب زندگی را برای ساکنان شهرها فراهم سازند. از این رو پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش توصیفی- تحلیلی به بررسی و ارزیابی شاخص‌های شهر سالم در شهر کرمان پرداخته شده است. ابتدا با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای شاخص‌های شهر سالم بر اساس شاخص‌های معرفی شده از سوی سازمان جهانی بهداشت و تجربه چند کشور و همچنین پژوهش‌های مشابه انجام شده در ایران در این زمینه استخراج و در قالب پرسشنامه میان ساکنین و کارشناسان سازمانهای مرتبط در شهر کرمان توزیع شد. جامعه آماری 384 نفر تخمین زده شد. سپس از نرم­افزار آماری- تحلیلی SPSS جهت  تجزیه و تحلیل با آماره تی مورد استفاده شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می­دهد شهر کرمان از دیدگاه ساکنان و کارشناسان از جنبه‌های سلامتی با سطح معنی داری (0.037)، بهداشت عمومی با سطح معنی­داری (0.001)، آسایش (0.01) و زیبایی شهر (0.001) با استانداردهای شهر سالم فاصله دارد و از جنبۀ امنیت با سطح معنی داری (0.31) به استانداردهای شهر سالم نزدیک است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

    With the development of urbanization in developing countries, urbanization problems such as environmental degradation, pollution, lack of housing, quality of life, etc., that conditions for public health as the most important indicator of the quality of urban life has significantly been decreased. In order to achieve the goals of sustainable urban development, urban planners have raised healthy city approach in order to provide a favorable condition of life for urban residents. This descriptive-analytical study evaluated indicators of a healthy city in the Kerman city. At first, indicators of healthy city presented by the World Health Organization and the experience of several countries and also similar researches in Iran was extracted via library studies then a questionnaire was distributed among residents and experts organizations related to Kerman. The population was estimated 384 people via Cochran formula. Then, SPSS software to analyze t-test was used. The results show that Kerman from the residents and expert’s perspective from health aspect with a significant level (0.037), Public health with significance level (0.001), comfort (0.01) and the beauty of city (0.001) and the security aspect with significant level (0.31) is close to standards of healthy city. Finally, according to the findings and results of the research, guidelines and recommendations have been offered to achieve a healthy urban in Kerman.

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