Creep analysis in two functionally graded rotating gears
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه شبیه سازی و تحلیل تکنولوژی های نوین در مهندسی مکانیکMilad Kharati Asl 1 , Ali akbar lotfi 2 , Saeed Daneshmand 3
1 - Department of Engineering, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH),Shahr-e-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Engineering, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH),Shahr-e-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Majlesi Branch, Islamic Azad University
کلید واژه: Spur Gears, Functionally graded material, Creep, Stress, Strain,
چکیده مقاله :
Spur gears are one of the mechanical structures which widely used in power transmission. They are used to control the speed or change the direction of a power resource. The gears generally fail when creep impacts increases. In practice, most gear teeth break due to surface contact, specially magnifying the high stress concentration on the contact tooth surface. Selecting the suitable material for a gear tooth is of high importance for operating gear system. Utilizing functionally graded material (FGM) can boost up the root strength of tooth and life of the gear manufacturing; therefore, this paper aims to study the effect of functionally graded material layer toward the radial direction in spur gears under in rotating load. Various Young’s modulus variation functions and Poisson constant coefficient are used. The subroutine UMAT Abaque has been applied to study the creep behavior in two rotating gears. The effects of material equation and the speed of rotation between gears on the creep behavior have been investigated. According to the results of simulations, the Al–TiB FGM had minimum creep deflection, which was analysis in details with considering the variation of strain, stress and displacement.
Spur gears are one of the mechanical structures which widely used in power transmission. They are used to control the speed or change the direction of a power resource. The gears generally fail when creep impacts increases. In practice, most gear teeth break due to surface contact, specially magnifying the high stress concentration on the contact tooth surface. Selecting the suitable material for a gear tooth is of high importance for operating gear system. Utilizing functionally graded material (FGM) can boost up the root strength of tooth and life of the gear manufacturing; therefore, this paper aims to study the effect of functionally graded material layer toward the radial direction in spur gears under in rotating load. Various Young’s modulus variation functions and Poisson constant coefficient are used. The subroutine UMAT Abaque has been applied to study the creep behavior in two rotating gears. The effects of material equation and the speed of rotation between gears on the creep behavior have been investigated. According to the results of simulations, the Al–TiB FGM had minimum creep deflection, which was analysis in details with considering the variation of strain, stress and displacement.
[1] Noda, N., Nakai, S., Tsuji, T. Thermal stresses in functionally graded materials of particle- reinforced composite. JSME Int J Series A. 1998; 41(2), 178-184.
[2] Raadnui, S. Spur gear wear analysis as applied for tribological based predictive maintenance diagnostics. Wear, 2019, 426, 1748-1760.
[3] Nitin, G., Manish, G., Saini, B. S., & Gupta, V. K. Finite element analysis of creep in a functionally graded rotating disc, Journal of Computer Aided Engineering and Technology, 2012, 4(5), 432-444.
[4] Gupta, V. K., Kumar, V., Ray, S. Modeling creep in a rotating disc with linear and quadratic composition gradients, Engineering Computations, 2009, 26(4), 400-421.
[5] Gupta, V. K., Singh, S. B., Chandrawat, H. N., Ray, S. Steady state creep and material parameters in a rotating disc of Al–SiCP composite, European Journal of Mechanics-A/Solids, 2004, 23(2), 335-344.
[6] Gupta, V. K., Chandrawat, H. N., Singh, S. B., Ray, S. Creep behavior of a rotating functionally graded composite disc operating under thermal gradient. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2004, 35(4), 1381-1391.
[7] Seok-Chul Hwanga, Jin-Hwan Lee b, Dong-Hyung Lee c, Seung-Ho Hana, Kwon-Hee Lee, Contact stress analysis for a pair of mating gears, Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 2013, 57, 40-49
[8] Kim, G. H., Lee, J. W., & Seo, T. I. Durability characteristics analysis of plastic worm wheel with glass fiber reinforced polyamide. Materials, 2013, 6(5), 1873-1890.
[9] Okamoto, N., Tanaka, N., & Nogami, M. Finite element and experimental studies of creep at the interface of press fitted gears-shafts connections, Journal of Mechanical Design, 1996, 118(4), 568-572.
[10] Stoker, K. C. A Finite Element Approach To Spur Gear Response And Wear Under Non-Ideal Loading, Doctoral dissertation, University of Florida, 2009.
[11] Xiang Daia, Christopher G. Cooley, Robert G. Parkera, Dynamic tooth root strains and experimental correlations in spur gear pairs, Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2016, 101, 60-74.
[12] Shuting Li , Centrifugal load and its effects on bending strength and contact strength of a high speed thin-walled spur gear with offset web, Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2008, 43(2), 217–239.
[13] Fukui, Y., Yamanaka, N. Elastic Analysis for Thick Walled Tubes of Functionally Graded Material Subjected to Internal Pressure. JSME Int J Series I, 1992; 35(4): 379-385.
[14] Chen, J.J., Tu, S.T., Xuan, F.Z., Wang, Z.D. Creep analysis for a functionally graded cylinder subjected to internal and external pressure, Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, 2007; 42(2), 69-77.
[15] You, L.H., Ou, H., Zheng, Z.Y, Creep deformations and stresses in thick-walled cylindrical vessels of functionally graded materials subject to internal pressure, Composite Structure, 2007, 78(2), 285-291.
[16] Abrinia, K., Naee, H., Sadeghi, F., Djavanroodi, F. New analysis for the FGM thick cylinders under combined pressure and temperature loading, American Journal of Applied Science, 2008, 5(7), 852-859.
[17] VB Bhandari, Design of Machine Elements, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, Publishing Company Limited New Delhi, ISB N0-07-061141-6, 2008.
[18] Singh, S. B., & Ray, S. Steady-state creep behavior in an isotropic functionally graded material rotating disc of Al-SiC composite, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2001, 32(7), 1679-1685.
[19] Chen, J. J., Tu, S. T., Xuan, F. Z., & Wang, Z. D. Creep analysis for a functionally graded cylinder subjected to internal and external pressure. The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, 2007, 42(2), 69-77.
[20] Raptis, K. G., & Savaidis, A. A. Experimental investigation of spur gear strength using photoelasticity, Procedia Structural Integrity, 2018, 10, 33-40.
[21] Hwang, S. C., Lee, J. H., Lee, D. H., Han, S. H., & Lee, K. H. Contact stress analysis for a pair of mating gears, Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 2013, 57(1-2), 40-49.
[22] Peng, X. L., & Li, X. F. Elastic analysis of rotating functionally graded polar orthotropic disks, Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2012, 60(1), 84-91.
[23] Çallioğlu, H., Bektaş, N. B., Sayer, M. Stress analysis of functionally graded rotating discs: analytical and numerical solutions, Acta Mechanica Sinica, 2011, 27(6), 950-955.
[24] Verma, R.K., Sarda, A. Analysis of functionally graded material spur gear under static loading condition, Applied Physics Letters, 2016, 3, 2349-1108.
