سنجش مشارکت اجتماعی در توسعه صنعت گردشگری و کاربست آن در ادبیات شهرسازی ( مطالعه موردی: شهر ساری)
محورهای موضوعی : جامعه شناسی سیاسی
سید حسن رسولی
1
,
هانیه یازرلو
2
,
جواد پوریانی
3
,
صبا خمسه¬ای
4
1 - گروه جغرافیا و برنامه¬ریزی شهری، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - دکتری گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران
3 - مربی و عضو هیات علمی هنر و معماری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
4 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، مدیریت شهری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: مشارکت اجتماعی, شهرسازی مشارکتی, گردشگری, توسعه پایدار, ساری,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه توریست را می توان به عنوان ابزاری برای افزایش درآمد ملی برای کشورها و یکی از عوامل موثر در راه رسیدن به توسعه پایدار به حساب آورد. یکی از مهمترین ارکان اساسی توسعه پایدار حسن انجام کار و همکاری و مشارکت جامعه میزبان می باشد همچنین تجربه نشان داده است که بدون همکاری حمایت و مشارکت جامعه محلی نمی توان صنعت پایدار گردشگری را ایجاد کرد. از جمله عواملی که نقش مهمی را در دستیابی به توسعه پایدار ایفا می‌کند میزان سرمایه اجتماعی موجود بین مردم است که امروزه در کنار سرمایه های انسانی مالی و اقتصادی مورد بهره برداری قرار گرفته است به پیوندها و ارتباطات میان اعضای یک شبکه به عنوان منبعی با ارزش اشاره دارد که باخلق هنجارها و اعتماد متقابل موجب تحقق اهداف اعضا می شود. زندگی اجتماعی بر محور مشارکت با یکدیگر در حال حرکت است و اهمیت مشارکت در روابط وپیوندهای اجتماعی به گونه ای است که می توان آن را عنصر اساسی زندگی اجتماعی تلقی نمودکه زمینه همکاری و تعامل را در ابعاد مختلف گسترش می دهد. مقاله حاضر گردشگری را به عنوان صنعتی خدماتی و انسان محور می داند که نقش سازنده مردم به منظور گسترش و توسعه آن با اهمیت تلقی می نماید. نتایج و یافته های پژوهش حاکی از آن است که نگاه به مردم در صنعت گردشگری باید از نگاهی مصرف گرایانه به نگاهی تولید کننده و عرضه کننده تبدیل شود؛ همچنین مردم در توسعه صنعت گردشگری باید وارد بخش تصمیم سازی و سیاستگذاری شوند تا خود را موظف به حضور در بخش اجرا بدانند و با مشکلات و موانع احتمالی مبارزه نمایند. از این روی با توجه به عناصر و عوامل مختلف توسعه صنعت گردشگری راهکارهای پیشنهادی به منظور افزایش مشارکت اجتماعی و مردمی به عنوان محور و شاخص توسعه ارائه شده است.
Today, tourism can be considered a tool for increasing national income for developing countries. It is worth noting that tourism can also be one of the effective factors in achieving sustainable development. One of the most important fundamental pillars of sustainable development is the proper execution of work and the cooperation and participation of the host community. Experience has shown that without the collaboration, support, and participation of the local community, it is impossible to establish a sustainable tourism industry. Among the factors that play a significant role in achieving sustainable development is the level of social capital present among people, which is now utilized alongside human, financial, and economic capital. Social capital refers to the ties and connections among members of a network as a valuable resource that creates norms and mutual trust, leading to the realization of members' goals. Social life revolves around participation with one another, and the importance of participation in social relations and connections is such that it can be considered an essential element of social life, fostering cooperation and interaction in various dimensions. This article views tourism as a service-oriented and human-centered industry, where the constructive role of people in its expansion and development is deemed significant. The results and findings of the research indicate that the perspective on people in the tourism industry should shift from a consumer-oriented view to a producer and supplier perspective. Furthermore, people should engage in decision-making and policy-making processes in the development of the tourism industry so that they feel obligated to participate in implementation and tackle potential problems and obstacles. Therefore, considering the various elements and factors influencing the development of the tourism industry, proposed solutions have been offered to enhance social and public participation as a central axis and indicator of development.
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