رقابت فناورانه چین و ایالات متحده آمریکا؛ دگرگونی مناسبات سیاسی-اقتصادی (2015-2023)
محورهای موضوعی : علوم سیاسی- روابط بین الملل
سید علی منوری
1
,
سید سعید میرترابی
2
,
نیلوفر احمدی
3
1 - عضو هیات علمی
2 - روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
3 - دانش آموخته روابط بین‌الملل دانشگاه خوارزمی
کلید واژه: چین, ایالات متحده آمریکا, فناوری پیشرفته, رقابت فناوری, جنگ تجاری,
چکیده مقاله :
مناسبات سیاسی _ اقتصادی چین و ایالات متحده پس از انقلاب 1949 در چین، دوره‌هایی از تعامل و رقابت تا تقابل را پشت سر گذاشت و از سال 2015 تحت تأثیر متغیرهای گوناگون، نظام بین‌المللی شاهد تشدید تنش در روابط دو کشور بود. در این پژوهشبه این پرسش پاسخ داده‌ایم که تشدید رقابت چین و ایالات متحده در حوزه فناوری پیشرفته چگونه بر مناسبات سیاسی و اقتصادی دو کشور در سال‌های 2015-2023 تأثیر گذاشته است؟ پاسخی که با بهره‌گیری از روش توصیفی-تبیینی به این پرسش داده شده است عبارت است از اینکه به کارگیری سیاست ساخت چین 2025 در سال 2015 به عنوان نخستین مرحله از راهبرد سه مرحله‌ای چین برای تبدیل شدن به یک رهبر جهانی در تولیدات پیشرفته، موجب تشدید تنش در مناسبات سیاسی-اقتصادی دو کشور در فاصلة سال‌های 2015 تا 2023 شده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که تلاش چین برای دستیابی به موقعیت برتر در حوزة فناوری پیشرفته، منجر به اعمال تحریم‌ها و کنترل‌های صادراتی از جانب ایالات متحده بر چین شده و این کشور را به دور زدن این محدودیت‌ها واداشته است که پیامد این رویدادها نیز تشدید تنش در مناسبات دو کشور بوده است.
After the 1949 revolution in China, the political-economic relations between China and the United States went through periods of interaction and competition to confrontation, and since 2015, the international system witnessed the escalation of tension in the relations between the two countries. In this research we have answered the question of how the intensification of the competition between China and the United States in the field of high-tech affects Has the political and economic relations of the two countries been affected in 2015-2023? The answer that has been given to this question using the descriptive-explanatory method is that the implementation of the Made in China 2025 policy in 2015 was the first stage of China's three-stage strategy to become a global leader in advanced manufacturing, through intensifying the concerns of the United States about China's leadership in the field of high-tech have intensified the tension in the political and economic relations between the two countries between 2015 to 2023.
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