تأثیر 8 هفته تمرین تناوبی با شدت متوسط بر ترکیب بدنی و استقامت قلبی-تنفسی دانش آموزان دختر نوجوان چاق
محورهای موضوعی : فیزیولوژی ورزش و علم تمرین
1 - اداره آموزش و پرورش، منطقه جواد آباد، ورامین، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: توان هوازی, ترکیب بدن, تمرین تناوبی, چاقی, دختران نوجوان,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از این تحقیق، مطالعه تأثیر هشت هفته تمرینات تناوبی با شدت متوسط بر ترکیب بدنی و استقامت قلبی- تنفسی دانش آموزان دختر چاق دوره متوسطه دوم بود. بنابراین 20 دختر دانش آموز چاق، به طور داوطلبانه در این تحقیق شرکت کردند. پس از کسب رضایتنامه از والدین، آزمودنی ها به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه تمرین (10 نفر) و کنترل (10 نفر) قرار گرفتند. آزمودنی های گروه کنترل به زندگی عادی خود ادامه داده و گروه تمرینی تحت مداخله تمرین تناوبی با شدت متوسط قرار گرفتند. دوره تمرینی به مدت هشت هفته و با توالی سه جلسه در هفته انجام گرفت. پروتکل تمرینی شامل دو نوبت با شش تکرار بود. آزمودنی ها در نوبت اول 6 زمان 30 ثانیه ای را با 70 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه اجرا کردند و بین وهله ها، 30 ثانیه استراحت فعال (دویدن با 50 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه) داشتند. قبل و پس از هشت هفته، ترکیب بدنی با دستگاه آنالیز بدن و توان هوازی از طریق آزمون 1600 یارد اندازه گیری شد. تمام تحلیل‌ها با آزمون کواریانس و با در نظر گرفتن معنی‌داری کمتر از 05/0 انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که درصد چربی و شاخص توده بدن در گروه تمرین کاهش معنی‌داری؛ و در مقابل، توان هوازی و توده خالص بدنی افزایش معنی‌داری داشت. با توجه به نتایج به نظر می رسد تمرین تناوبی با شدت متوسط در بهبود ترکیب بدنی و توان هوازی دختران نوجوان چاق موثر باشد.
The purpose of this research was to study the effect of eight weeks of moderate intensity interval training on the body composition and cardio-respiratory endurance of obese adolescent female students. Therefore, 20 obese female students voluntarily participated in this research. After obtaining consent from the parents, the subjects were randomly assigned to two equal training (n=10) and control groups (n=10). The subjects of the control group continued their normal life and the training group underwent moderate intensity interval training intervention. The training course was conducted for eight weeks with three sessions per week. The training protocol consisted of two sessions with six repetitions. In the first round, the subjects performed 6 times of 30 seconds with 70% of the maximum heart rate and had 30 seconds of active rest (running with 50% of the maximum heart rate) between the times. Before and after eight weeks, body composition was measured with a body analyzer and aerobic power through a 1600-yard test. All the analyzes were done with the covariance test and considering significance less than 0.05. The results showed that the percentage of fat and body mass index in the training group decreased significantly; on the other hand, aerobic power and lean body mass increased significantly. According to the results, it seems that intermittent training with moderate intensity is effective in improving the body composition and aerobic capacity of obese adolescent girls.
[1] Abdollahzadeh, N., Sedaghati, S. (2024). Validation of Lateral Pair Jump and RAST tests and its relation with body mass index in non-athlete female. Journal of Physiology of Training and Sports Injuries, 1(1):17-22. [Persian].
[2] Banaifar, A.A., Soheili, S., Islami, R., Izadi, M. (2013). The effect of 6 weeks of aerobic exercise on interleukin 10 levels and lipid profile in obese women. Journal of Exercise Physiology and Physical Activity, 6 (1).
[3] Bredella, M. A. (2017). Sex differences in body composition. Sex and gender factors affecting metabolic homeostasis, diabetes and obesity, 9-27.
[4] Chiu, S.C., Yang, R.S., Yang, R.J., Chang, S.F. (2018). Effects of resistance training on body composition and functional capacity among sarcopenic obese residents in long-term care facilities: a preliminary study. BMC Geriatr. 2018; 18 (1): 21. [DOI:10.1186/s12877-018-0714-6]
[5] Curioni, C.C., Lourenco, P.M. (2005). Long-term weight loss after diet and exercise: a systematic review. International journal of obesity, 29(10), 1168-1174.
[6] Dupont, K., Akakpo, K., Berthoin, S. (2004). The effect of in-season high intensity interval training in soccer players. J. Strength Cond. Res.18:584-589.
[7] Eftekhari, E., Zafari, A., Gholami, M. (2015). Physical activity, lipid profiles and leptin. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 65(4): 465 – 469.
[8] Gibala, M.J., Little, J.P., Macdonald, M.J., Hawley, J.A. (2012). Physiological adaptations to lowvolume, high-intensity interval training in health and disease. J Physiol. 2012 Mar 1;590(5):1077-84. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2011.224725. Epub 2012 Jan 30. Review.
[9] Hazell, T. J., Hamilton, C. D., Olver, T. D., and Lemon, P. W. (2014). Running sprint interval training induces fat loss in women. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 39, 944–950. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0503.
[10] Heydari, M., Freund, J., and Boutcher, S. H. (2012). The effect of high-intensity intermittent exercise on body composition of overweight young males. J. Obes. 2012:467. doi: 10.1155/2012/480467.
[11] Kong, Z., Sun, S., Liu, M., and Shi, Q. (2016). Short-term high-intensity interval training on body composition and blood glucose in overweight and obese young women. J. Diabetes Res. 2016, 1–9. doi: 10.1155/2016/4073618.
[12] Ossanloo, P., Najar, L., Zafari, A. (2012). The effects of combined training (aerobic dance, step exercise and resistance training) on body fat percent and lipid profiles in sedentary females of Al_zahra University. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2(5): 1598 – 1602.
[13] Ossanloo, P., Zafari, A., Najar, L. (2012). The effects of combined training (aerobic dance, step exercise and resistance training) on body composition in sedentary females. Annals of Biological Research, 3(7): 3667 – 3670.
[14] Rosenbaum, M., and Rudolph L. Leibel. "20 YEARS OF LEPTIN: Role of leptin in energy homeostasis in humans." Journal of Endocrinology 223, no. 1 (2014): T83-T96.
[15] Ruis, A. R. (2016). Trois Empreintes d’un Même Cachet”: Toward a Historical Definition of Nutrition. Viral networks: Connecting digital humanities and medical history, 179-212.
[16] Tian, Y., Chen, K., Xie, Z., Fang, Y., Wang, H., Nie, Y., & Mu, Y. (2015). The association between serum uric acid levels, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in middle aged and elderly Chinese: results from the DYSlipidemia International Study. BMC cardiovascular disorders, 15(1), 1-10.
[17] Xu, X., Ying, Z., Cai, M., Xu, Z., Li, Y., Jiang, S.Y., and et al. Exercise ameliorates high-fat diet-induced metabolic and vascular dysfunction, and increases adipocyte progenitor cell population in brown adipose tissue. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2011; 300(5): 1115-25
[18] Zahedmanesh, F., Zafari, A., Zahedmanesh, F. (2013). Lipid profiles changes induced by swimming combined training in academic level athlete's women. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3(1): 223 – 227.
[19] Zahedmanesh, F., Zafari, A., Zahedmanesh, F. (2013). The effects of swimming combined training on body composition in academic level athletes' women. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3(1): 228 – 231.
[20] Zare, S., Ramezani, J., Khosravanian, S. (2024). The Effect of Massage with Cavitation and Green Coffee on Leptin and ATGL Enzyme in Sedentary Obese Females. Journal of Physiology of Training and Sports Injuries, 1(1):32-37. [Persian].
