اثر تنش شوری بر آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدان، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و پرولین در ارقام تجاری ذرت

محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

داور ملازم ¹

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تاریخ دریافت : 1393/05/12 تاریخ پذیرش : 1393/12/01 تاریخ انتشار : 1394/03/01

کلید واژه: کلرید سدیم, آسکوربات پراکسیداز, سوپراکسید دیسموتاز, کاتالاز, کلروفیل a, کلروفیل b,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور تعیین اثر سطوح مختلف شوری بر صفات فیزیولوژیکی هشت رقم ذرت، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد و صفات غلظت یون سدیم در برگ، کلروفیل a، b، پرولین و آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدان اندازه گیری گردید. رقم K3653/2 در غلظت شوری 50 از بین رفت و از آزمایش حذف گردید که نشانگر حساسیت آن به شوری بود. بین شوری‌ها در کلروفیل a و b، مقدار سدیم برگ، آسکوربات پراکسیداز و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز اختلاف معنی داری به دست آمد. بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل a در شرایط نرمال در رقم K3615/1 به دست آمد. مقدار سوپراکسید دیسموتاز با افزایش شوری افزایش یافت و بیشترین مقدار این آنزیم در شوری 100 میلی مول مشاهده شد. در بین رقم ها از نظر آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز در غلظت 100 میلی مول نمک اختلاف معنی داری مشاهده نشد. افزایش غلظت شوری سبب افزایش مقدار پرولین در اکثر ارقام شد. بیشترین مقدار پرولین در ارقام K3545/6، Zaqatala، SC302 و SC704 در 100 میلی مول نمک به دست آمد. بیشترین آنزیم آسکوربات پراکسیداز در شرایط نرمال در ارقام SC302 و Waxy به دست آمد. بین ارقام از نظر مقدار یون سدیم در شرایط نرمال اختلاف معنی داری مشاهده نشد. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده دو رقم Zaqatala و SC704 مقاومت بیشتری نشان دادند که می‌توان در برنامه‌های اصلاحی از آنها استفاده نمود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

This study was conducted to determinethe effect of different levels of salinity on some physiological traits in eight cultivars of corn in factorial experiment based on  randomized complete block design in three replication and  several traits of sodium ion (Na+)concentration in leaf, chlorophyll a, and b, proline and antioxidant enzymes were measured. K3653/2 cultivar was blighted in salinity concentration of 50 mM which showed its sensitivity to salinity and was removed from the study. There was a significant difference between different salinity on chlorophyll a and b, the content of sodium in leaf, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. The highest amount of chlorophyll a was obtained in K3615/1 in normal condition. The amount of superoxide dismutase increased with increasing salinity and the highest amount of this enzyme was observed in salinity concentration of 100 mM. There wasn't any significant difference among cultivars in terms of superoxide dismutase in salinity concentration of 100 mM. The increase of salinity concentration level increased the amount of proline in most cultivars. The highest level of \proline was obtained from K3545/6, Zaqatala, SC302 and SC704 cultivars in salinity concentration of 100 mM. The maximum amount of ascorbate peroxidase enzyme was obtained from SC302 and Waxy cultivars in normal conditions. There wasn't any significant difference among cultivars in terms of Na+ content in normal condition. Two cultivars of  Zaqatala and SC704 showed more resistance to salinity, Therefore they can be used in breeding programs.

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