بررسی اثر سیستم نوین مدیریت کشت(SRI) بر عملکرد دانه و بهره وری آب در مزارع برنج
محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعییاسر قربانیان آستانه 1 , ابراهیم امیری 2 , تیمور رضوی پور 3 , مجتبی رضایی 4
1 - کارشناس ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شوشتر،
2 - دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان، لاهیجان، ایران.
3 - عضو هیأت علمی مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، رشت، ایران.
4 - عضو هیأت علمی مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، رشت، ایران.
کلید واژه: عملکرد دانه, شاخص برداشت, بیوماس, بهره وری آب,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی بهره وری آب در سیستم های مختلف کشت و مقایسه آن با سیستم نوین مدیریت کشت برنج، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1390 در موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور (رشت) انجام شد. تیمارها شامل: روش کشت سنتی، روش کشت بهبود یافته و سیستم های مختلف کشت به روش سیستم نوین مدیریت کشت در قالب هشت تیمار مختلف کودی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد دانه، بیوماس کل، شاخص برداشت، تعداد پنجه در متر مربع، بهره وری مبتنی بر بیوماس و بهره وری آب در سیستم نوین مدیریت کشت بطور معنی داری بیشتر از روش های سنتی و بهبود یافته بود. از بین تیمارهای مختلف تیمار (کود بازیافت زباله شهری + 50% کود شیمیایی) همراه با کاهش 50 درصدی در مصرف کود شیمیایی بیشترین عملکرد دانه و بهره وری آب را به ترتیب به مقدار 3122 کیلوگرم در هکتار و 56/1 متر مکعب بدست آوردکه به عنوان مدیریت مناسب پیشنهاد می شود.
In order to study the effects of different fertilizer treatments in systems of rice Intensification (SRI) on rice water productivity, an experiment was performed at Rice Research Institute of Iran (Rasht) during cropping season of 2011. Treatments consisted of traditional farming methods with conventional fertilizer application, improved cultural methods and eight different combination of organic and chemical fertilizers use in SRI. The results showed that yield, total biomass, harvest index, number of tillers per square meter and water productivity in SRI was statistically higher than them in conventional farming methods. Urban waste compost plus 50% of conventional chemical fertilizer resulted in the highest grain yield (3122 kg/ha) and water productivity (1.56 m2/ha) and so it was identified as the best fertilizer treatment in SRI with 50% reduction in chemical fertilizer application.
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