بررسی صفات کمی و کیفی کلون های پیشرفته سیبزمینی در منطقه اردبیل
محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی
داوود حسن پناه
1
(
uعضو هیأت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل
)
حسن حسن آبادی
2
(
عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج
)
کلید واژه: سازگاری, کیفیت, Solanum tuberosum, کمیت,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور ارزیابی 29 کلون امیدبخش سیب زمینی همراه با سه رقم تجاری (آگریا، مارفونا و لیدی رزتا)، آزمایشی بر اساس طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اردبیل در سال های 1387 و 1388 اجرا گردید. در طی دوره رشد و پس از برداشت، صفاتی مثل تعداد ساقه اصلی در بوته، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد و وزن غده در بوته، تعداد و وزن غده کوچک تر از 35، بین 55-35 و بزرگ تر از 55 میلی متر، عملکرد کل غده و قابل فروش، درصد ماده خشک، تیپ پخت، حفره‌ای شدن مرکز غده، زنگ داخلی غده و تغییر رنگ گوشت غده خام پس از 24 ساعت اندازه گیری شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس مرکب صفات کمی مورد ارزیابی نشان داد که بین کلون های امیدبخش و اثر متقابل کلون × سال از لحاظ صفات عملکرد غده کل و قابل فروش، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد ساقه اصلی در بوته، تعداد و وزن غده در بوته، وزن غده قابل فروش در بوته و درصد ماده خشک اختلاف معنی داری وجود دارد. کلون های 10-397082، 2-397097، 2-397082 و 6-396156 دارای عملکرد غده کل و قابل فروش، تعداد و وزن غده کل و قابل فروش در بوته بیشتری بودند. این کلون ها داری غده های یکنواخت، رنگ پوست و گوشت زرد، چشم سطحی و زنگ داخلی غده، حفره و شکاف داخل غده خیلی کم، رسیدگی نیمه دیررس تا دیررس و درصد ماده خشک بالا نسبت به شاهد بودند. در نهایت، کلون های10-397082، 2-397097، 2-397082 و 6-396156 به عنوان ارقام مناسب برای منطقه اردبیل انتخاب شدند.
Qualitative and quantitative traits of 29 potato promising clones along with three commercial cultivars (Agria, Marfona and Lady Rozeta) were evaluated at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil during 2008 and 2009. The experiment was based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. During the growth period and after harvest, traits such as main stem number per plant, plant height, tuber number and weight per plant, tuber with 55 mm size number and weight, total and marketable tuber yield, dry matter percentage, baking type, hollow heart, tuber inner ring and discolored of raw tuber flesh after 24 hours were measured. Combined analysis of variance for quantitative traits showed that there were significant differences among promising clones and their interactions with year in total and marketable tuber yield, plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber number and weight per plant, marketable tuber weight per plant and dry matter percent. The results also showed that the clones 397082-10, 397097-2, 397082-2 and 396156-6 had higher total and marketable tuber yield, total and marketable tuber number and weight per plant comparing check cultivars. They also had uniform tuber, yellow skin and flesh color, shallow eyes, very little hollow heart, tuber inner crack and tuber inner ring, mid-late to late maturity and high dry matter. Also, 397082-10, 397097-2, 397082-2 and 396156-6 clones were considered as suitable clones for Ardebil region.
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