اثر سالیسیلیک‌اسید بر بهبود ویژگی‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیک ریحان در شرایط تنش شوری کلریدسدیم

محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

حسن نورافکن ¹ , فریناز انگوتی ²

1 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران
2 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/04/13 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/10/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/10/01

کلید واژه:  شبه هورمون,  تنش غیرزیستی,  تنظیم کننده رشد,  محرک رشد,

چکیده مقاله :

شوری از مهم ترین و متداول ترین تنش های محیطی وارده بر گیاهان می باشد. از طرفی، سالیسیلیک اسید به عنوان یک تنظیم کننده رشد گیاهی در القای سازوکارهای افزایش مقاومت گیاه در برابر تنش های زیستی و غیرزیستی مؤثر است. بر این اساس، آزمایشی گلدانی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی جهت ارزیابی اثر سالیسیلیک اسید بر بهبود شاخص های مورفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک ریحان تحت تنش شوری انجام گرفت. محلول پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید با رقت های 1/0، 5/0 و 1 میلی مولار در مرحله 6 تا 8 برگی گیاهچه قبل از اعمال تنش شوری انجام شد و سه هفته متوالی ادامه یافت. تنش شوری با آبیاری گیاهان با رقت های 20، 40 و 80 میلی مولار نمک کلرید سدیم اعمال شد. در مرحله گلدهی، ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه، طول و عرض برگ، تعداد برگ و گل آذین، وزن تر و خشک برگ، ساقه و ریشه، طول بلندترین گل آذین و ریشه، فاصله بین دو میانگره، تعداد گره در شاخه، درصد ماده خشک ساقه، برگ و ریشه درصد نشت الکترولیت برگ، محتوای نسبی آب، شاخص کلروفیل برگ، شاخص سطح برگ و سطح ویژه برگ اندازه گیری شد. تنش شوری باعث کاهش طول و عرض برگ، شاخص سطح برگ، تعداد گره در شاخه، قطر ساقه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، وزن خشک ساقه، سطح ویژه برگ و افزایش نشت الکترولیت و تعداد برگ گردید. در مقابل، مصرف سالیسیلیک اسید توانست در کاهش اثرات سوء تنش شوری در بیشتر صفات مورد ارزیابی مؤثر باشد. همچنین، محلول پاشی با رقت های 1/0 و 5/0 میلی مولار سالیسیلیک اسید در برابر تنش شوری اثر بهتری داشت. بنابراین، محلول پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید می تواند به عنوان راه کاری برای جلوگیری از اثرات سوء شوری در ریحان توصیه شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Salinity is one of the most important and common environmental stresses on plants. On the other hand, salicylic acid is effective as a plant growth regulator on inducing mechanisms in plant resistance enhancment against biotic and abiotic stresses. Apot experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid on improving morpho-physiological indices of basil under salt stress. Seedlings with six to eight leaves were sprayed by salicylic acid at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mM before salinity stress application and continued for three weeks. The salinity stresses were applied by irrigation of plants with saline solutions at concentrations of 20, 40 and 80 mM of sodium chloride. At flowering stage, plant height, stem diameter, leaf length and width, leaf and inflorescence number, leaf, stem, and root fresh and dry weight, the longest inflorescence and root and internode length, stem node number, leaf, stemç and root dry weight percentage, leaf electrolyte leakage, relative humidity, leaf chlorophyll index, leaf area indexç and special leaf area were measured. Salinity stress reduced leaf length and width, leaf area index, branch nodes number, stem diameter, root fresh and dry weight, stem dry weight, special leaf area and increased leaf electrolyte leakage and leaf number. In contrast, using salicylic acid was effective in reducing of the adverse impacts of salinity stress in most of the traits. Also, salicylic acid spraying had more compensatory effect on salinity stress at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mM. Therefore, salicylic acid spraying can be recommended as a contsructive approach to prevent adverse impacts in basil under salinity stress conditions.

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