تأثیر میکوریزا (Glomus intraradices)و سطوح مختلف روی بر صفات مورفولوژیک و زراعی ذرت (Zea mays) در سطوح مختلف رطوبت خاک

محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

نورعلی ساجدی ¹ , امیر حسین شیرانی راد ² , عبداللّّّّّّه ساجدی ³ , هادی خانمحمدی ⁴

1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، اراک، ایران.
2 - استادیار پژهش مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج.
3 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان، اراک، ایران.
4 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان، اراک، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1387/08/13 تاریخ پذیرش : 1390/03/10 تاریخ انتشار : 1390/06/01

کلید واژه: ذرت, سولفات روی, قارچ میکوریزا, تنش کم آبی,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور مطالعه اثر قارچ میکوریزا و سطوح مختلف عنصر روی بر برخی از صفات مورفولوژیک، زراعی و عملکرد ذرت سینگل کراس 704 تحت شرایط مختلف رطوبت خاک، آزمایشی به‎صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‎ های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1385 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک اجرا شد. عوامل مورد مطالعه شامل آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری معادل نیاز آبی گیاه، آبیاری معادل 75 درصد آبیاری معادل 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه)، تلقیح قارچ میکوریزا در دو سطح (تلقیح با G.intraradices و بدون تلقیح) که در هنگام کاشت با بذر تلقیح گردید و روی از منبع سولفات روی در سه سطح (شاهد، 25 کیلوگرم در هکتار و 45 کیلوگرم در هکتار ) در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی روی صفات زراعی و عملکرد دانه مؤثر بود. حداکثر عملکرد دانه ذرت در آبیاری شاهد به دست آمد. با کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا و سولفات روی به‎طور مجزا صفات مورد نظر افزایش یافتند. اثرات متقابل دوگانه قارچ و سولفات روی عملکرد دانه را افزایش داد. اثرات متقابل سه گانه تیمارها (آبیاری، قارچ و سولفات روی) موجب افزایش عملکرد دانه گردید به‎طوری‎که بیشترین مقدار صفات زراعی و عملکرد دانه با استفاده از اثر متقابل سه گانه تیمار آبیاری شاهد، 25 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات روی و تلقیح با قارچ G.intraradices حاصل شد

چکیده انگلیسی:

Effects of mycorrhiza fungi and different levels of zinc on some morphologic and agronomic traits of corn (variety KSC 704) was studied under water deficit stress. The experiment was carried out at research farm of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, in 2006. The experimental design was a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of three levels of irrigations (100%, 75% and 50% of plant water requirement), inoculation with mycorrhiza fungi at two levels (inoculated and un-inoculated with Glomus intraradices) and zinc sulphate at three levels (0, 25 and 45 kg.ha-1). Results showed that drought stress affected agronomic characteristics and grain yield. The maximum grain yield was produced with an irrigation of %100 crop water requirement. Application of mycorrhiza and zinc sulfate shifted agronomic characteristics and grain yield. Effects of mycorrhiza and zinc sulfate interactions increased grain yield. Effects of irrigation, mycorrhiza and zinc sulfate interactions affected grain yield too. However, the highest growth of agronomic traits and grain yield were obtained for the treatment of irrigation level (100%) and zinc sulphate (25 kg.ha-1) with mycorrhiza inoculation.

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