بررسی اثر کنترل شیمیایی علفهرز سوروف crus-gall L.) (Echinochloa در مراحل مختلف رشد بر عملکرد آفتابگردان روغنی (Helianthus annus L.)رقم اروفلور
محورهای موضوعی :
سکینه حسن‎زاده آغبلاغی
1
(کارشناس ارشد زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز)
کلید واژه: عملکرد, آفتابگردان, علف هرز سوروف, علف‌کش‌های پس‌رویشی,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور مطالعه اثر کنترل شیمیایی علف هرز سوروف در مراحل مختلف رشد و تعیین بهترین زمان و مقدار مصرف علف‎کش‎ها بر عملکرد آفتابگردان روغنی رقم اروفلور، آزمایشی در سال 1385 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی شهرستان خوی به صورت کرت های دو بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورها شامل نوع علف‎کش به عنوان عامل اصلی (هالوکسی فوپ اتوکسی اتیل، ستوکسیدیم و سیکلوکسیدیم به همراه تیمار شاهد بدون کنترل)، زمان کاربرد علف‎کش به عنوان عامل فرعی (مرحله 6-4 برگی، 10-8 برگی و 14-12 برگی) و مقدار مصرف علف‎کش به عنوان عامل فرعیفرعی (یک لیتر در هکتار و دو لیتر در هکتار) بودند. صفات اندازه گیری شده شامل تعداد علف‎های هرز، تعداد دانه در طبق، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد روغن بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین وزن هزار دانه با کاربرد سیکلوکسیدیم در مرحله 4 تا 6 برگی با یک لیتر در هکتار حاصل شد و بیشترین عملکرد دانه (4961 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به تیمار مصرف یک لیتر در هکتارهالوکسی فوپ اتوکسی اتیل در مرحله 4 تا 6 برگی و بیشترین عملکرد روغن به تیمارهای کاربرد دو لیتر هالوکسی فوپ اتوکسی اتیل در مرحله 8 تا 10 برگی و یک لیتر هالوکسی فوپ اتوکسی اتیل در مرحله 4 تا 6 برگی (به ترتیب 2315 و2310 کیلوگرم در هکتار) اختصاص داشت. نتایج کلی این آزمایش نشان داد که استفاده از تیمار هالوکسی فوپ اتوکسی اتیل در مرحله 4 تا 6 برگی بیشترین تعداد دانه در طبق، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد روغن را به همراه داشت. هم‎چنین هالوکسی فوپ اتیل از نظر کنترل علف‎های هرز بهتر از سایر تیمارها بود.
In order to study the effect of chemical control of Echinochloa crus- galli indifferent growth stages and determine the best herbicide application time and amount on the yield of oil-seed sunflower cv. Urofloure, an experiment was conducted at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research stations of Khoy region as split-split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2006. Factors comprised of herbicide type as main factor (Haloxyfop­-­ethoxyethyl, Setoxydim and cycloxydim along with a control), herbicide application time as the sub-factor (4-6, 8-­0 and 12-­14 leaf stages) and herbicide dosage as the sub-sub factor (1 l.ha-1 and 2 l.ha-1). The measured traits were number of seeds per plant, weigh of thousand seeds, seed yield and oil yield. Results showed that maximum weight of thousand seeds was obtained by application of one litre per hectare Cycloxydim at 4­–­6 leaf stage. Application of one litre per hectare Haloxy fop­-­ethoxyethyl at 4­–­6 leaf stage resulted in maximum seed yield (4961 kg.ha-1). Also, the maximum oil yield was obtained with application of 2 litre Haloxy fop­-­ethoxyethyl at 8­–­10 leaf stage and one litre Haloxy fop­-­ethoxyethyl at 4­–­6 leaf stage (2315 and 2310 kg.ha,-1 respectively). Based on the results, Haloxy fop­­-­ethoxyethyl application at 4­–­6 leaf stage caused maximum number of seeds per plant and the highest oil and seed yield. Haloxyfop­-ethoxyethyl was also better than other treatments in weed control.
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