اثر سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن بر رشد رویشی و زایشی گیاه دارویی همیشه بهار (Calendula officinalis L.)

محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

فرزانه بهادری ¹ (عضو هیأت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان سمنان)
محمد کاظمی ² (عضو هیأت علمی سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی استان سمنان)
الهام مرتضی ³ (عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهر قدس)

تاریخ دریافت : 1391/11/26 تاریخ پذیرش : 1392/02/23 تاریخ انتشار : 1392/02/01

کلید واژه: عملکرد, کود, همیشه بهار, رشد رویشی, رشد زایشی,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد رویشی و زایشی گیاه دارویی همیشه بهار، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی سمنان اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل کاربرد چهار سطح کود نیتروژن از منبع نیترات آمونیوم ( (شاهد) 0، 100، 200 و 400 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بودند که در سه مرحله رشد گیاه استفاده شدند. صفات اندازه گیری شده شامل وزن‎تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن تر و خشک برگ، وزن تر و خشک ساقه، ارتفاع گیاه، قطر تاج پوشش، قطر گل و وزن‎تر و خشک گل بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر کود نیترات آمونیوم به استثنای ارتفاع گیاه و وزن خشک اندام هوایی، بر همه صفات معنی دار بود. کاربرد کود، صفات رویشی و زایشی گیاه همیشه بهار را افزایش داد. بیشترین وزن خشک گل با کاربرد 400 کیلوگرم کود از منبع نیترات آمونیوم به‎دست آمد. با توجه به این نکته که گل های همیشه بهار، اندام اقتصادی آن است، بنابراین کاربرد تیمار 400 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود از منبع نیترات آمونیوم بهترین سطح کودی توصیه شده به منظور کسب بیشترین وزن خشک گل همیشه بهار می‎باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In order to study the effects of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on vegetative and reproductive yield of marigold, an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Medicinal Plants Research Station of Semnan. Treatments consisted of four levels of ammonium nitrate fertilizer including 0 (control), 100, 200 and 400 kg.ha-1 that were applied in three stages of plant growth. Measured traits included dry and fresh weight of aerial parts, dry and fresh weight of stem, dry and fresh weight of leaf, plant height, coverage crown diameter, flower diameter and dry and fresh weight of flower. Based on the results, the effects of ammonium nitrate fertilizer was significant on all the studied traits, except plant height and dry wight of aerial parts. Fertilizer application increased vegetative and reproductive traits of marigold. Maximum flower dry weight was obtained by applying 400 kg.ha-1 ammonium nitrate fertilizer. Because flowers of marigold is econnomic part of this plant, application of 400 kg.ha-1 ammonium nitrate fertilizer was recommended in order to obtain maximum dry weight of marigold flower

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