تأثیر ابعاد حوضچه بر نیاز آبی ریحان در سیستم یکپارچه نوین گلخانه و حوضچه تبخیر آب شور
محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی
احمد احمدی نیک
1
,
علی رحیمی خوب
2
,
ساسان علی نیایی فرد
3
1 - گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران
2 - گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران
3 - گروه باغبانی، پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران
کلید واژه: تبخیر تعرق, کشت های گلخانه ای, منابع آب شور, نمک زدایی,
چکیده مقاله :
سیستم یکپارچه نوین گلخانه و حوضچه تبخیر آب شور ایده جدیدی است که امکان تولید آب شیرین و رشد محصول در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک با استفاده از آب شور را فراهم می سازد. این سیستم یکپارچه با کنترل شرایط جوی و افزایش رطوبت نسبی هوا تا نزدیکی نقطه اشباع، نیاز آبی محصول در محیط کشت را تا حد زیادی کاهش می دهد. به منظور ارزیابی تأثیر ابعاد حوضچه تبخیر آب شور بر مقدار نیاز آبی محصول ریحان در محیط کشت گلخانه ای سیستم یکپارچه پیشنهادی، طرح پایلوت این سیستم با طول حوضچه‌های 1، 2 و 3 متر در جنوب شرق تهران اجرا شد. در دو دوره کشت، متوسط روزانه نیاز آبی ریحان در محیط کشت گلخانه ای طرح‌های پایلوت شماره 1، 2 و 3 به‌ترتیب 4/2، 9/1 و 8/0 میلی متر برآورد شد که تفاوت این مقادیر معنی دار بود. با توجه به این که افزایش طول حوضچه تبخیر آب شور در ساختار سیستم یکپارچه پیشنهادی، قابلیت این سیستم جهت کاهش نیاز آبی محصول را افزایش داد، بنابراین در اجرای این سیستم یکپارچه در مقیاس تجاری، کاربرد حوضچه هایی با طول بزرگ تر پیشنهاد می گردد.
Novel integrated system of greenhouse and saltwater evaporation pond is a recently developed idea to provide the possibility of producing freshwater and crop growth in arid and semi-arid areas using saltwater. The system greatly reduces the water requirement of the crop in cultivating environment controlling atmospheric conditions and increasing relative humidity to saturation point. To evaluate the effect of saltwater evaporation pond dimensions on basil water requirements in greenhouse condition of the proposed system, a pilot project was done using pond dimensions of 1, 2, and 3 meter in southeast of Tehran. The average daily requirements of the basil in pilot projects of numbers 1, 2, and 3 in two cultivation periods were measured as 2.4, 1.9, and 0.8 mm, respectively which were significantly different. Increasing the length of saltwater evaporation pond in the system improved system capability to reduce crop water requirement. Therefore, implementation of larger ponds is recommended in commercial scale of this integrated system.
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