تعیین راندمان آبیاری سطحی گیاه کدو آجیلی در اراضی دشت خوی

محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي

فاطمه پناهدوست ¹ , فريبرز احمدزاده ²

1 - دانشجوي كارشناسي ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسي آب، واحد تبريز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، تبريز – ايران
2 - Department of Water Sciences and Engineering,Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/02/28 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/05/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1394/07/15

کلید واژه: آبیاری سطحی, پارشال فلوم, دشت خوی, راندمان آبیاری, نفوذ عمقی,

چکیده مقاله :

بر اساس آمار، بیش از 95 درصد اراضی کشور در حال حاضر تحت پوشش سیستم آبیاری سطحی بوده و راندمان فعلی در این سیستم نیز کمتر از 35 درصد تخمین زده شده است، لذا نیاز به فهم دقیق از راندمان آبیاری در اراضی مورد آبیاری و ارائه راهکارها جهت افزایش آن یکی از اساسی ترین کارها در جهت مصرف بهینه آب کشاورزی که بیش از 70 درصد آب قابل دسترس کشور را صرف می کند خواهد بود. برای این منظور مزرعه ای در محدوده روستای ملاجنود که به روش جویچه ای آبیاری می گردید انتخاب و در دو مرحله مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. آزمایشات بر اساس انجام آبیاری به ترتیب با دبی های ورودی 97/1و66/3 لیتر بر ثانیه با پارشال فلوم اندازه گیری شد. برای تعیین ضرایب معادله نفوذ از روش دو نقطه ای الیوت و واکر استفاده شد. رابطه بین آب مورد نیاز و توزیع واقعی رطوبت برای دو نمونه آبیاری نشانگر دو مورد پر آبیاری بود. نتایج نشان داد نسبت نفوذ عمقی 33/23و 63/45 درصد و کفایت آبیاری در هر دو مورد برابر 100 درصد می باشد که حاکی از تلفات بالای آب و راندمان پائین آبیاری جویچه ای ولی تامین کامل نیاز آبی گیاه می باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

According to the statistics, surface irrigation system covers more than 95% of the country's lands and current efficiency of the system is estimated as less than 35%. Hence, the need for detailed understanding of surface irrigation efficiencies in the irrigated lands and presenting appropriate solutions to increase such factors are too important to measure and should be taken in line with optimal consumption of agricultural water which covers more than 70% of the country's available water. Hence, a farm was selected in Malajnood village area which was irrigated in furrow method and then was evaluated during the two phases of irrigation. The underlying tests were conducted using partial Parshall with input water flow of 3.66, 1.97L?S. Elliot7Wlker's two-point method was used to determine infiltration equation coefficients. The relationship between needed water and exact moisture distribution which was equal to 2 samples of irrigation indicated two cases of incomplete irrigation. Findings of the study indicated that deep percolation ratio was 23.33 and 45.63 and the irrigation adequacy was 100% that showed the high water losses and low water efficiency, but the full supply of plant water needed.

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